摘要
牛奶中含乳脂、乳蛋白和乳糖等物质,是一种天然的优质食品。乳脂中富含的不饱和脂肪酸对人类健康有积极作用。动物胃肠道微生物与宿主共存,并伴随宿主进化,与胃肠道构成了复杂的微生态系统,通过肠-胃轴及肠-脑轴等参与宿主食物降解、营养吸收、免疫调节等重要生理活动,对宿主的生产性状和健康产生重要影响。然而,目前对胃肠道微生物及其代谢物调控奶牛乳汁中乳脂的生成机制知之甚少。文章综述了奶牛瘤胃微生物及肠道微生物在乳脂生成过程中的调控作用,以期为深入研究胃肠道微生物在奶牛乳脂生成过程中的作用机制提供参考。
Milk contains milk fat,milk protein,lactose and other substances,which is a kind of natural quality food.The unsaturated fatty acids rich in milk fat have positive effects on human health.Animal gastrointestinal microorganisms coexist with the host and,along with the evolution of the host,form a complex micro-ecosystem with the gastrointestinal tract.They participate in important physiological activities such as food degradation,nutrient absorption and immune regulation of the host through the gut-stomach axis and the gut-brain axis,and have a significant impact on the production traits and health of the host.However,little is known about the mechanism by which gastrointestinal microorganisms and their metabolites regulate the production of milk fat in dairy cows.This paper reviewed the regulatory effects of rumen and intestinal microorganisms on milk fat production in dairy cows,in order to provide reference for further research on the mechanism of gastrointestinal microorganisms in milk fat production of dairy cows.
作者
扈孟雪
丁玥竹
燕文荃
陈韬
刘莉莉
HU Mengxue;DING Yuezhu;YAN Wenquan;CHEN Tao;LIU Lili(College of Life Science,Southwest Forestry University,Kunming 650224,China;China Mobile Communications Group Yunnan Co.,Ltd.,Kunming 650228,China)
出处
《黑龙江畜牧兽医》
CAS
北大核心
2023年第10期44-48,共5页
Heilongjiang Animal Science And veterinary Medicine
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(31902152)
云南省科技厅基础研究项目(2019FD069)
云南省教育厅教师基础研究项目(2018JS333)
西南林业大学博士科研启动经费项目(119112)。
关键词
奶牛
乳汁
乳脂生成
瘤胃微生物
肠道微生物
胃-肠轴
dairy cows
milk
milk fat synthesis
rumen microorganisms
gut microorganisms
gastrointestinal axis
