摘要
航空施药具有高灵活性、低成本、高效率,且不会对作物和土壤造成物理损害等优点,已经广泛用于农田、果园、林区等传统施药方式难以适用的场合进行病虫害防治。然而现阶段航空施药对人工依赖程度较高,作业质量无法得到有效的评价与保证。航空施药作业实时监测系统作为衡量植保作业的精准性与有效性的主要技术显得尤为重要。分析开展航空施药作业实时监测系统研究对航空变量施药技术、航线规划算法、农药喷施评价模型的推动意义,介绍监测系统的研究现状与原理,对监测参数中最主要的飞行参数、施药参量、药箱余量进行梳理,针对现阶段监测系统监测数据类型不全面、信息实时共享性较差、适用飞机类型单一等因素,提出基于物联网的多信息融合航空施药实时监测系统,可精准采集航空施药作业时的飞行信息、施药作业信息及作业区域环境信息,实现与航空施药整体系统的有机结合。最后,从航空施药作业实时监测系统的全面性、实时性与精准性、实际应用等方面展望其发展前景,为开发符合精准施药的航空施药作业实时监测系统提供一种新思路。
Aerial pesticide spraying technology has the advantages of high flexibility,low cost,high efficiency,no physical damages to crops and soil,etc.,being widely used in large areas of farmland and forest to apply pesticides for pest controls.However,at present,the aerial pesticide spraying technology is highly dependent on manual operation and its utilization field is relatively narrow,and the quality of operation cannot be guaranteed due to the invalid evaluation.As a major technology to measure the accuracy and effectiveness of plant protection results,the real-time monitoring system of aerial pesticide spraying is particularly important.This study analyzed the significance of developing real-time monitoring system for aviation pesticide spraying on variable spraying technologies,airline planning algorithm and pesticide spraying evaluation model,introduced the research status and situation of monitoring system and the principle of monitoring system implementation,and sorted out the most important and representative monitoring parameters including flight parameters,application parameters and the allowance of the applicator box.Currently,there are not comprehensive monitoring systems for monitoring data type and information sharing is poor.This study put forward the multiple information fusion based on Internet of Things(IoT)aerial spray real-time monitoring system,which can accurately collect the flight information,application information and environmental information of the ope-ration area during the operation of the aerial pesticide spraying,and realize the tight and high degree of integration combination with the overall system of the aerial pesticide spraying.It is expected to establish a shared monitoring data mechanism to reduce waste of pesticides,and improve and optimize the overall efficacy of pesticide spraying.Finally,the prospect of the real-time monitoring system of aviation pesticide application operation in three aspects of comprehensiveness,real-time and precision,and practical application is present
作者
茹煜
薛江坤
方树平
胡晨明
周杰
RU Yu;XUE Jiangkun;FANG Shuping;HU Chenming;ZHOU Jie(College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering,Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing 210037,China)
出处
《林业工程学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第3期21-31,共11页
Journal of Forestry Engineering
基金
国家重点研发计划(2018YFD0600202)。
关键词
航空施药
监测系统
物联网
精准施药
病虫害防治
aerial pesticide spraying
monitoring system
IoT
precise pesticide spraying
pest control
