摘要
马克思关于人的全面发展理论为我们描绘了未来教育中人之发展的全面性和自由性的理想蓝图。技术的发展在很大程度上为人的全面发展提供了诸多的便利与可能,但也因其算法的智能削弱了人的主体性,使其置身于技术规定的场域之中。过度追逐算法驱动的精准教育而产生背离人的全面发展的风险也不断受到教育研究者广泛关注。追本溯源,算法本身的“内生性风险”及其产生的“应用型风险”不仅可能导致轻忽人之发展的全面性,还会剥夺人之主体发展的自由性。马克思政治经济学从社会层面为算法主体自身的不足以及算法实践中人文价值被漠视的问题给予了解决路径;马克思哲学认识论从个人层面为教育主体正确认识算法并规避其产生的信任危机指明了发展方向。基于此,算法促进教育实践过程需注重技术与制度建设的双向促进,算法信任应以知行合一维系人之主体性及其在算法实践过程中推动教育与生产劳动有机结合的规避策略,进而实现智能算法的实践应用与教育育人的全流程之间的良性循环,促进教育中人的自由而全面发展。
Marx’s theory of people’s all-round development describes the the ideal blueprint for people’s all-round and free development in the future education.In a sense,the development of technology provides a lot of convenience and possibility for the all-round development of mankind,but it is also“set”in the“customized”relationship system because of the alienation of human subjectivity by the intelligence of its algorithm.The risks brought about by the constant loss of freedom and the uncertainty of algorithm-driven precision education are attracting more and more attention.Tracing back to the source,the“inherent risk”and the“application risk”generated by the algorithm will not only ignore the comprehensiveness of people’s development,but also deprive people of the freedom of their development.In Marx’s“Political Economy”,the discussion on the condition of realizing people’s all-round development from the social level provides a solution to the problem that the algorithm discipline itself is missing and the humanistic value is ignored in the algorithm practice.At the same time,Marx’s philosophical epistemology points out the direction for educators to understand the algorithm correctly and avoid the confidence crisis at the individual level.Based on this,the process of algorithm promoting educational practice should pay attention to the two-way promotion of technology and system supervision,and the trust of algorithm should maintain human subjectivity with the integration of knowing and doing,and promote the avoidance strategy of organic combination of education and production labor in the process of algorithm practice,so as to achieve a virtuous cycle between the practice application of intelligent algorithm and the whole process of education and education.Promote the free and all-round development of human beings through education.
作者
孙立会
沈万里
SUN Lihui;SHEN Wanli(Minzu University of China,Beijing 100081)
出处
《现代远距离教育》
2023年第2期61-69,共9页
Modern Distance Education
基金
国家社科基金教育学“非计算机化与计算机化儿童编程教育的理论与实践研究”(编号:CCA190261)。
关键词
算法风险
智能教育
主体性
人的全面发展
Algorithmic risk
Intelligent education
Subjectivity
People’s all-round development
