摘要
在海德格尔1928年夏季学期的讲座《从莱布尼兹出发的逻辑学的形而上学始基》中,“自由”成了核心关注之一,对于他整个思想具有根本性的重要意义。这个讲座从自由与命运、必然性、合法则性、约束之间的内在统一关系出发来理解自由,把自由规定为超越性和成为根据的根据,用它来统一作为“元存在论”(即作为逻辑学之形而上学始基)的哲学和《存在与时间》中的基础存在论,并试图从作为绽出统一性的时间性来解释这种自由的源起。这样的自由观念一方面与《存在与时间》一脉相承,另一方面表现出了重要的差别,成为海德格尔突破《存在与时间》之困境的一条新路,从而与其思想的“转折”有着根本性的关联。也正因此,这个讲座中的自由观念一方面更彻底地突破了西方传统,另一方面也显示了其“过渡”性质。
In Heidegger's Lecture in 1928 summer term titled“The Metaphysical Foundations of Logic Beginning with Leibniz”,“freedom”became one of the focuses and was fundamentally significant to his whole thought.This lecture understood freedom from the intrinsically unified relation between freedom and fate,necessity,lawfulness,as well as binding.It defined freedom as transcendence and the ground to be ground,and unified the philosophy as“Metaontology”which is the metaphysical foundation of logic and the fundamental ontology in Being and Time,and understood the origin of this kind of freedom from the temporality which is the ecstatic unity.In the one hand,this conception of freedom came down in one continuous line with Being and Time;on the other hand,it presented important differences and became a new way to break through the predicament of Being and Time,so fundamentally connected with the“turn”of Heidegger's thought.As a result,the conception of freedom in this lecture broke through the western tradition while displaying its quality of“crossing”.
作者
朱松峰
尹海龙
Zhu Songfeng;Yin Hailong
出处
《南京社会科学》
北大核心
2023年第5期32-41,共10页
Nanjing Journal of Social Sciences
基金
国家社科基金项目“海德格尔的‘自由’思想研究”(13CZX054)的阶段性成果。
关键词
自由
命运
元存在论
超越性
时间性
freedom
fate
Meta-ontology
transcendence
temporality
