摘要
试验旨在研究维生素E(VE)对亚急性瘤胃酸中毒(SARA)奶牛生产性能、瘤胃发酵参数和微生物群落的影响。采用自身对照试验设计,选取4头泌乳天数为(63±12)d的荷斯坦奶牛作为试验动物。试验分为三期,每期18 d。第一期为对照期(D),日粮精粗比为50:50(DM基础);第二期为诱导期(Y),用占日粮15%(DM基础)的细粉小麦替代日粮中粗饲料,以期诱导奶牛发生SARA;第三期为调控期(T),在诱导期日粮基础上添加12 000 IU/(d·头)的VE。第一期的第16天和第二、三期各自的第4、8、12、16天采集奶牛奶样、瘤胃液用来测定乳成分、瘤胃挥发性脂肪酸及瘤胃微生物群落等指标。结果表明:添加VE后采食量、泌乳量、乳成分相对于对照期和诱导期差异不显著(P>0.05);对照期第16天、诱导期第4天,乙酸含量显著高于调控期第12天(P<0.05),乙酸含量先略微上升再下降;瘤胃细菌门水平上,诱导期第12、16天和调控期第4、8、12、16天纤细菌门(Gracilibacteria)和脱硫杆菌(Desulfobacterota)的相对丰度显著低于对照期第16天(P<0.05);瘤胃细菌属水平上,调控期第12、16天醋酸菌属(Acetitomaculum)的相对丰度显著低于诱导期第4天(P<0.05)。说明发生SARA奶牛瘤胃发酵及菌群组成发生较大变化,日粮中加入12 000 IU/(d·头)VE无明显改善效果。
This experiment was conducted to inves⁃tigate the effects of vitamin E on performance,ru⁃men fermentation parameters and microbial com⁃munity of SARA dairy cows.In this study,the self-control design was adopted,and four Hol⁃stein cows with lactation days of(63±12)days were selected as experimental animals.The trial was divided into three periods of 18 days each.The first stage was the control stage(D),with the ration of concentrate to coarse being 5050(DM ba⁃sis);The second stage was induction stage(Y),in which 15%(DM basis)of fine flour wheat was used to replace roughage in the diet in order to induce SARA in dairy cows.The third stage was the regulation stage(T),in which 12000 IU/(d·head)VE was added on the basis of the diet during the induction stage.Milk samples and rumen fluid were collected on day 16 of the first phase and on days 4,8,12,and 16 of the second and third phases,respectively,to determine milk composition,rumen volatile fatty acids,and rumen microbial community.The results showed that after the addition of VE,the feed intake,lacta⁃tion amount and milk composition had no significant changes compared with those in the control period and the induction period(P>0.05).The acetic acid content on the 16th day of the control period and the 4th day of the induction period was significantly higher than that on the 12th day of the regulation peri⁃od(P<0.05),and the acetic acid content increased slightly first and then decreased.At the level of ru⁃men bacterial gate,the relative abundance of Gracilibacteria and Desulfobacterota on days 12 and 16 of induction period and days 4,8,12 and 16 of regulation period was significantly lower than that on day 16 of control period(P<0.05).At the rumen bacterial genus level,the relative abundance of Acetobacter in the 12th and 16th days of the regulation period was significantly lower than that in the 4th day of the induction period(P<0.05).The rumen fermentation and flora composition of SARA dairy cows have changed greatly,but adding 12000 IU/(d·
作者
熊浩铭
伍梓斌
冼振宇
张家豪
郭勇庆
邓铭
孙宝丽
XIONG Haoming;WU Zibin;XIAN Zhenyu;ZHANG Jiahao;GUO Yongqing;DENG Ming;SUN Baoli(College of Animal Science,South China Agricultural University,Guangdong Guangzhou 510642,China)
出处
《饲料工业》
CAS
北大核心
2023年第11期67-73,共7页
Feed Industry
基金
广东省基础与应用基础研究基金项目[2019B1515210020]。
