摘要
本试验旨在研究角毛藻营养及其不同添加量对凡纳滨对虾育苗水质以及仔虾生长、非特异性免疫和抗逆性能的影响。本试验首先检测了牟氏角毛藻的营养成分,然后从对虾溞状幼体开始,每组分别添加0(对照组)、0.5×10^(5)(试验组Ⅰ)、1.0×10^(5)(试验组Ⅱ)、2.0×10^(5)(试验组Ⅲ)和4.0×10^(5)个细胞/mL(试验组Ⅳ)的牟氏角毛藻进行育苗试验,直至糠虾Ⅱ期,每组将15万尾凡纳滨对虾健康无节幼体放置在1000 L的黑桶中培育,每组3个重复。结果表明:1)牟氏角毛藻水分、粗蛋白质、粗脂肪和粗灰分含量分别为75.23%、14.30%、2.97%和7.50%;必需氨基酸含量占氨基酸总量的46.82%,鲜味氨基酸含量占氨基酸总量的40.42%;牟氏角毛藻含18种脂肪酸,其中饱和脂肪酸(SFA)8种,占脂肪酸总量的39.40%,不饱和脂肪酸(UFA)10种,占脂肪酸总量的50.29%。2)牟氏角毛藻可改善育苗池水质,促进虾苗生长、提高出苗率,其中试验组Ⅲ、试验组Ⅳ优势明显,与其他各组差异显著(P<0.05),但二者差异不显著(P>0.05)。试验组饵料消耗量随着牟氏角毛藻添加量的增加而下降,除试验组Ⅰ外,其余试验组饵料消耗量与对照组差异显著(P<0.05)。3)试验组仔虾淀粉酶、脂肪酶和蛋白酶活性随着牟氏角毛藻添加量的提高而增加,试验组Ⅳ仔虾淀粉酶活性与对照组差异显著(P<0.05),其余各组间差异不显著(P>0.05);试验组仔虾脂肪酶和蛋白酶活性与对照组差异显著(P<0.05),试验组Ⅱ、试验组Ⅲ和试验组Ⅳ间无显著差异(P>0.05)。4)试验组仔虾总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化物酶(POD)的活性随着牟氏角毛藻添加量的提高而增加,与对照组差异显著(P<0.05);试验组仔虾酸性磷酸酶(ACP)和碱性磷酸酶(AKP)的活性与对照组间无显著差异(P>0.05)。5)各组间的仔虾在3.0×10^(-4)mL/L甲醛质量密度的应激下,随应激时间的增加存活率逐步下降,24 h
The experiment was aimed to study the nutrition of Chaetoceros muelleri and effects of Chaetoceros muelleri on the breeding water quality,growth,non-specific immunity and resistant capability of Litopenaeus vannamei in different addition amount.In this experiment,the nutrition composition of Chaetochetes mouti was detected firstly,and then 0(control group),0.5×10^(5)(test groupⅠ),1.0×10^(5)(test groupⅡ),2.0×10^(5)(test groupⅢ)and 4.0×10^(5) cell/mL(test groupⅣ)of Chaetoceros mouterii were added in each group to carry out seedling test from zoea to mysisⅡperiod.A total of 1.5×10^(5) healthy nauplii of Litopenaeus vannamei in each group was placed in 1000 L black barrel,with 3 replicates per group.The results showed as follows:1)the contents of water,corde protein,crude fat and ash were 75.23%,14.30%,2.97%and 7.50%in Chaetoceros muelleri,respectively.The contents of essential amino acids accounted for 46.82%of total amino acids,and those of umami amino acids accounted for 40.42%of total amino acids.There were 18 kinds of fatty acids in Chaetoceros muelleri,among which 8 kinds of saturated fatty acids accounted for 39.40%of total fatty acid content and 10 kinds of unsaturated fatty acids accounted for 50.29%of total fatty acid content.2)Chaetoceros muelleri could improve breeding water quality,promote growth,improve the germination rate of young shrimps,test groupsⅣandⅢhad obvious advantages,and had significant differences from other groups(P<0.05),but feed difference between those two group was not significant(P>0.05).The diet consumption of test groups decreased with the increase of the supplemental level of Chaetoceros muelleri.Except for test groupⅠ,the feed consumption of other test groups was significantly different from that of control group(P<0.05).3)The activities of amylase,lipase and proteinase in the test groups were increased with the increase of the addition of Chaetoceros muellerii,respectively.The amylase activity of larvae in test groupⅣwas significantly different from that in
作者
黄永春
蔡惠君
王伟
陈强
黎中宝
康顺元
程子阳
HUANG Yongchun;CAI Huijun;WANG Wei;CHEN Qiang;LI Zhongbao;KANG Shunyuan;CHENG Ziyang(Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Fishery Resources and Eco-Environment Fujian,Fisheries College,Jimei University,Xiamen 361021,China;Xiamen Longcheng Aquatic Technology Co.,Ltd.,Xiamen 361101,China)
出处
《动物营养学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第5期3201-3212,共12页
CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION
基金
福建省科技项目(2017N5012)
福建省科技特派员候补项目(2021S2001)
福建省星火项目(2020S0044)
福建省对虾种业(2017FJSC2Y02)。
关键词
牟氏角毛藻
营养
凡纳滨对虾
水质
生长消化
非特异性免疫
抗逆性能
Chaetoceros muelleri
nutrition
Litopenaeus vannamei
water quality
growth
non-specific immunity
resistant capability
