摘要
滴灌技术结合节水灌溉制度可显著提高作物水分利用效率,但针对滴灌条件下冬小麦节水灌溉制度的优化研究相对较少,利用作物模型优化节水灌溉制度可以弥补田间试验的不足,对于作物精确灌溉具有重要的指导意义。本研究利用胶东冬小麦滴灌节水试验数据(2016—2019年)评价了根区水质模型(RZWQM-CERES)的适应性,并模拟评价了不同节水滴灌制度对冬小麦产量和水分利用效率的影响,以筛选最佳节水滴灌制度。结果表明RZWQM-CERES可以较好地模拟土壤水分、冬小麦生长和产量对不同滴灌处理和季节的响应,其中模拟0~90 cm土壤贮水量的均方根误差(RMSE)为22.7~32.3 mm、相对均方根误差(NRMSE)为11.9%~16.3%、决定系数(R2)为0.52~0.69,模拟收获期生物量的RMSE为1184~1904 kg hm-2、NRMSE为9.9%~16.8%、R2为0.67,模拟产量的RMSE为361~491 kg hm^(–2)、NRMSE为5.7%~7.8%、R2为0.75。长期模拟结果表明该地区冬小麦需水关键期为孕穗期(丰水年和平水年)或拔节期(枯水年)。针对不同降水年型冬小麦产量和水分利用效率对灌溉量的响应差异,筛选滴灌条件下冬小麦最佳灌溉制度为:丰水年在拔节期和开花期各灌水45mm;平水年(或枯水年)在拔节期、孕穗期及开花期各灌水35mm(或45 mm)。本研究结果扩展了RZWQM-CERES优化冬小麦滴灌制度的应用潜力,为实施冬小麦精确灌溉提供了重要的技术支持。
Combining drip irrigation and water-saving irrigation can increase crop use efficiency greatly,however,few studies investigated water-saving irrigation schedule for winter wheat under drip irrigation conditions.Using crop models to optimize water-saving irrigation systems can make up for the shortcomings of field trials,which can provide the guideline for precise irrigation.In this study,we evaluated the adaptability of the Root Zone Water Quality Model and Crop Estimation through Resource and Environment Synthesis(RZWQM-CERES)using the data from a three-year experiment with drip irrigation water conservation for winter wheat at Jiaodong area.Then we evaluated the influences of different water-saving drip irrigation schedules on winter wheat yield and water use efficiency.The results showed that RZWQM-CERES could effectively simulate the responses of soil moisture,winter wheat growth,and yield to different irrigation treatments and seasons.Root mean square error(RMSE),relative root mean square error(NRMSE),and coefficient of determination(R2)for the simulated soil water storage in 0–90 cm layer were 22.7–32.3 mm,11.9%–16.3%,and 0.52–0.69,respectively.RMSE,NRMSE,and R2 values for simulated harvest above-ground biomass were 1184–1904 kg hm^(–2),9.9%–16.8%,and 0.67,respectively.The corresponding values for simulated grain yield were 361–491 kg hm^(–2),5.7%–7.8%,and 0.75,respectively.The long-term simulation results revealed that the critical water requirement period of winter wheat in this region was the booting period(in wet years and normal years)or the jointing period(in dry years).According to the different responses of winter wheat yield and water use efficiency to irrigation amounts and timings among the different rainfall patterns,the recommended optimal drip irrigation regimes for winter wheat at this region were 45 mm irrigation at both jointing and flowering stages in wet years,and 35 mm(or 45 mm)irrigations at the jointing,booting,and flowering stages in normal years(or dry years).Thes
作者
杨晓慧
王碧胜
孙筱璐
侯靳锦
徐梦杰
王志军
房全孝
YANG Xiao-Hui;WANG Bi-Sheng;SUN Xiao-Lu;HOU Jin-Jin;XU Meng-Jie;WANG Zhi-Jun;FANG Quan-Xiao(College of Agriculture,Qingdao Agricultural University,Qingdao 266109,Shandong,China)
出处
《作物学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第8期2196-2209,共14页
Acta Agronomica Sinica
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(31671627)
山东省自然科学基金青年项目(ZR2021QC113)
青岛农业大学博士启动基金项目(6631120069)资助。
