摘要
测土配方施肥技术“叫好不叫座”的现实困境制约了化肥减量增效和农户节本增收双重政策目标的有效实现。基于山东省果蔬种植户调研数据,运用处置效应模型,从增产、提质和节本三个方面考察了测土配方施肥技术的增收效应,并探讨了农户特征分化情境下的效应差异。研究发现,测土配方施肥技术具有明显的促农增收效应,总体上可以显著提高农户农业收入水平;测土配方施肥技术能有效提升农作物产量和农产品质量,但也显著增加了肥料费用支出,表明该技术并未产生明显的节本效应,其增收效应主要源于“科学增产”和“质量溢价”两条路径;进一步从农户代际、农业劳动力供给、土地经营规模、农地细碎化和农技培训参与五个层面进行比较分析,发现测土配方施肥技术对年轻代、劳动力供给较多、农地规模较大、细碎化程度较低和参加农技培训的农户具有更强的增收效应。最后,本文从制度安排、市场供给、自然因素和损失厌恶四个方面深入探讨了测土配方施肥技术“叫好不叫座”现象的成因,并根据研究结论提出相关政策建议。
The practical dilemma that soil testing and formulated fertilization is"widely acclaimed but not widely adopted"restricts the effective realization of the dual policy goals of reducing fertilizer use,boosting efficiency plus saving costs and increasing income for farmers.Based on the survey data of fruit and vegetable growers in Shandong Province,the treatment effect model was deployed to investigate the income-increasing effect of soil testing and formulated fertilization from three aspects:yield increase,quality improvement and cost saving,the effect difference under the situation of farmers'characteristics differentiation was also explored.The research found that the soil testing and formulated fertilization technology had obvious effect of promoting agricultural development and increasing income,and significantly improved farmers'agricultural income in general;the soil testing and formulated fertilization technology not only effectively improved crop yield and agricultural product quality,but also considerably increased the fertilizer expenditure,indicating that this technology did not produce obvious cost-saving effect,and its income-increasing effect mainly came from the two paths of"scientific production increase"and"quality premium";further comparative analysis was conducted from the five levels of farmer household generation,agricultural laborsupply,land management scale,farmland fragmentation,and agricultural technology training participation,and it was found that soil testing and formulated fertilization technology had astronger income-increasing effect on farmer households who are younger generations,with more labor supply,larger farmland scale,lower degree of fragmentation,and participate in agricultural technology training.Finally,this paper delved into the causes of the phenomenon that soil testing and formulated fertilization is"widely acclaimed but not widely adopted"from four aspects:institutional arrangement,market supply,natural factors,and loss aversion,and put forward relevant policy suggest
作者
陆泉志
张益丰
LU Quanzhi;ZHANG Yifeng(College of Economics and Management,Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing 210037,China)
出处
《农业经济与管理》
CSSCI
北大核心
2023年第3期48-58,共11页
Agricultural Economics and Management
基金
国家社会科学基金项目(18BJY142)
江苏省社科应用研究精品工程课题(22SYA-001)。
关键词
测土配方施肥
技术采纳
提质增产
增收效应
soil testing and formulated fertilization
technology adoption
quality improvement and yield increase
income-increasing effect
