摘要
马克思的劳动概念蕴含了丰富而深刻的存在论内涵。马克思既不是把劳动视为与自由无关的自然必然性活动,也不是把劳动建构成为确证自我意识之纯粹主体的精神活动,而是把劳动理解为“感性的对象性活动”。在马克思看来,劳动是一种受动性的感性活动,彰显了人之主体性力量。存在论维度的劳动与人类的自由本质紧密相连。一方面,劳动是人有意识的生命活动,人通过生产把自身和动物根本地区分开来了,从而获得摆脱生物性的消极自由。另一方面,劳动蕴含的积极自由体现在人类通过劳动展现了对象性的本质力量,劳动促进了人的个性、能力的发挥和自我实现,创造了属于人的文化、历史和世界。
Marx's concept of labor contains rich and profound ontological connotation.Marx neither regards labor as a natural and necessary activity unrelated to freedom,nor constructs labor as a spiritual activity that confirms the pure subject of self-consciousness.However,he understands labor as a“perceptual and objective activity”.In Marx's view,labor is a passive perceptual activity,which shows the subjective power of human beings.The ontological dimension of labor is closely related to the nature of human freedom.On the one hand,labor is a conscious life activity of human beings.Human beings have fundamentally separated themselves from animals through production,and gained negative freedom from biological nature.On the other hand,the positive freedom contained in labor is reflected in the fact that human beings show the essential power of objectivity through labor.Labor promotes the development of human personality and ability and self realization,and creates human culture,history and world.
作者
王绍梁
WANG Shao-liang(School of Marxism&Research Center for Maxism Theory Innovation and Communication,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058,China)
出处
《湖南科技大学学报（社会科学版）》
北大核心
2023年第2期149-156,共8页
Journal of Hunan University of Science and Technology(Social Science Edition)
基金
国家社会科学基金青年项目(22CKS058)
中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目。
关键词
劳动
存在论
感性的对象性活动
有意识的生命活动
labor
ontology
perceptual and objective activities
conscious life activities
