摘要
旨在筛选猕猴桃黑点病防治药剂并明确其防治效果。采用菌丝生长速率法,测定21种不同化学药剂对猕猴桃黑点病菌的毒力,并选择其中16种药剂进行田间药效试验。结果显示,烯肟·戊唑醇w=20%悬浮剂(SC)等9种药剂对黑点病菌具有极强的抑菌效果,其EC_(50)值均达0.05~1.12μg/mL,表现为极度敏感;其次为抑霉唑w=20%水乳剂EW、辛菌胺醋酸盐w=1.8%水剂(AS)及腐霉利w=50%可湿性粉剂(WP),其EC_(50)值为14.02~37.37μg/mL,表现为高度敏感;氨基寡糖素w=5%(AS)、嘧环·咯菌腈w=62%水分散粒剂(WG)和吡唑醚菌酯w=25%乳油(EC)的EC_(50)值分别为118.49μg/mL、195.32μg/mL和255.18μg/mL,表现为中度敏感或低度敏感;而苯醚甲环唑w=10%(WG)等6种药剂其EC_(50)值分别远大于350μg/mL,为不敏感;供试的16种药剂在田间均表现出极显著防治效果,其中:苯甲·丙环唑w=30%(EC)450 g/hm^(2)、氟唑菌酰羟胺·苯醚甲环唑w=20%(SC)600 g/hm^(2)、嘧环·咯菌腈w=62%(WG)600 g/hm^(2)、腈苯唑w=24%(SC)900 g/hm^(2)、丙环唑·嘧菌脂w=18.7%(SC)600 g/hm^(2)、啶酰·咯菌腈w=30%(SC)900 g/hm^(2)及戊唑醇w=43%(SC)450 g/hm^(2)7种药剂处理平均防效达到84.32%~90.36%;其次为烯肟·戊唑醇w=20%(SC)900 g/hm^(2)、抑霉唑w=20%(EW)900 g/hm^(2)、吡唑醚菌酯w=25%(EC)720 g/hm^(2)、腐霉利w=50%(WP)750 g/hm^(2)、寡糖·吡唑酯w=27%(EW)900 g/hm^(2)及硝酸氨钙可溶性粒剂(SG)1500 kg/hm^(2)6种药剂处理,平均防效达到64.92%~81.78%;而其他3种药剂处理防效略差。结果表明,30%苯甲·丙环唑EC、20%氟唑菌酰羟胺·苯醚甲环唑SC、62%嘧环·咯菌腈WG、24%腈苯唑SC、18.7%丙环唑·嘧菌脂SC、30%啶酰·咯菌腈SC、43%戊唑醇SC、20%烯肟·戊唑醇SC、20%抑霉唑EW、25%吡唑醚菌酯EC、50%腐霉利WP、27%寡糖·吡唑嘧菌酯EW 12种药剂及土施农用硝酸氨钙SG对猕猴桃黑点病均具有良好的防治效果,可作为今后防治猕猴桃黑点病的优选药剂。
In order to screen fungicide to control the kiwifruit black spot disease and to clarify its control effect.The mycelial growth rate method was used to determine the laboratory toxicity of 21 fungicide,and 16 fungicides were chosen to test its field efficacy.The results of laboratory toxicity test showed that 9 kinds of fungicides(Fenaminstrobin·tebuconazole,w=20%SC and other 8 kinds of agents)had strong bacteriostatic effect on the pathogen of black spot,their EC_(50) values were 0.05-1.12μg/mL,and were extremely sensitive.Imazolium(w=20%EW),Octyminamide acetate(w=1.8%AS)and Humicolide(w=50%WP)were highly sensitive,its EC_(50) value was 14.02-37.37μg/mL.The EC_(50) values of Aminooligosac-charide(w=5%AS),Cyprodinil·fludioxonil(w=62%WG)and Pyrazoloxonil(w=25%EC)were 118.49μg/mL,195.32μg/mL and 255.18μg/mL,respectively,however,the EC_(50) values of 6 medicaments such as Difenoconazole(w=10%WG)were much larger than 350μg/mL,which was not sensitive,all of them had significant control effect.The results of field efficacy test of 16 kinds of pesticides had very significant control effect,the average control effect of 7 chemicals,inculding Propiconazol·difenoconazole(w=30%EC,450 g/hm^(2)),Fluconazole acyl-hydroxylamine difenoconazole(w=20%SC,600 g/hm^(2)),Cyprodinil·fludioxonil(w=62%WG,600 g/hm^(2)),Fenbuconazole(w=24%SC,900 g/hm^(2)),Propiconazol·azoxystrobin(w=18.7%SC,600 g/hm^(2)),Fenaminstrobin·tebuconazole(w=30%SC,900 g/hm^(2))and Tebuconazole(w=43%SC,450 g/hm^(2)),reached 84.32%-90.36%the average control effect of 6 medicament treatments,including Fenaminstrobin·tebuconazole(w=20%SC 900 g/hm^(2)),Imazolium(w=20%EW,900 g/hm^(2)),Pyrazoloxonil(w=25%EC,720 g/hm^(2)),Procymidone(w=50%WP,750 g/hm^(2)),Oligosaccharins-pyraclostrobin(w=27%EW,900 g/hm^(2))and Oligosaccharide(SG,1500 kg/hm^(2)),reached 64.92%-81.78%,and the control effect of the other three medicament treatments was slightly worse.The results showed that 12 fungicides(30%Propiconazol·difenoconazole EC,20%Adepidyn·difenoconazole SC,62%Cyprodi
作者
王丽
田玉洁
刘巍
黄丽丽
秦虎强
WANG Li;TIAN Yujie;LIU Wei;HUANG Lili;QIN Huqiang(College of Plant Protection,Northwest A&F University,Yangling Shaanxi 712100,China;State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas,Yangling Shaanxi 712100,China)
出处
《西北农业学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第5期772-780,共9页
Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica
基金
陕西省重点研发计划(2018TSCXL-NY-01-04)。
关键词
猕猴桃黑点病
间座壳属真菌
杀菌剂
室内毒力
田间防效
Kiwifruit black spot disease
Diaporthe phaseolorum
Fungicide
Indoor toxicity
Field control efficacy
