摘要
在以国家反哺农村为主要特征的后税费时代背景下,由于国家直接与单个农民互动的成本过高,加上农民自身缺乏独立承接国家资源的能力和条件,因而制度运作成本的约束和农民主体的先天不足,决定了国家与农民之间的互动离不开“中间地带”的连接。当以村干部为主体的乡村体制内精英因行政化转向而无法继续发挥“中间地带”的作用时,以新乡贤为代表的乡村体制外精英借助国家政党统合的力量,有效地弥补了村干部过度行政化而出现的农民偏向缺失,并与之共同构成实现国家与农民良性互动的“中间地带”。本文通过对鄂北L村“乡贤治村”实践的研究,重新审视当前中国乡村场域中国家与农民的互动关系变迁,继而重构“国家-中间地带-农民”三重互动的新形态。
As one of the classic issues in sociology,political science,economics and even history,the study of the relationship between the state and farmers is born out of the research practice of the"state-society"analytical framework in China.It is also a mainstream research strategy used by researchers at home and abroad to describe and interpret the social changes and social structure in contemporary China.In the existing studies,the interaction between the state and farmers is mainly studied with the orientation of"statecentered"and"farmer-centered"and it directly or indirectly emphasized that a"middle zone"is needed in the interaction between the state and farmers.However,for the current rural society,with the shift of the focus of national work to the countryside,the local grass-roots government under the pressure system has continuously strengthened the administrative control over village cadres,turning the village cadres who originally had both national bias and peasant bias into the extension of state power institutions in rural areas.The lack of peasant bias of village cadres means that the interactive mode between the state and farmers with village cadres as the"middle zone"has been broken.In this context,how can the interaction between the state and farmers be maintained?Based on this basic research topic,this paper reexamines the changes of the interactive relationship between the state and farmers in the current rural field of China,and then reconstructs a new triple interactive form of"state-middle zone-farmers"by studying the practice of"rural sages governing villages"in L village of northern Hubei.Around this research topic,this paper is generally divided into three parts:First of all,the paper puts forward the theoretical presupposition and analytical framework of the research by combing the existing theoretical research and empirical facts.The existing research on the interaction between the state and farmers mainly follows two paths:One takes the"state-centered"as the orientation,focusing on the top-do
作者
王东
Wang Dong(School of Marxism SStudies,Guizhou Medical University,Guiyang,Guizhou)
出处
《政治人类学评论》
2022年第2期1-64,I0005,355-359,共70页
Political Anthropology Review
