摘要
目的调查低年资护士锐器伤和血液体液职业暴露现状并探索影响因素。方法抽取全国31个省份(除港澳台外)的低年资护士为调查对象,采用“护士职业暴露现况调查问卷”进行调查。结果本研究共调查31个省级行政区的6244名低年资护士,其中2569名护士工作中发生过锐器伤或血液体液喷溅,设为发生组。剩余3675名护士设为未发生组。职业暴露发生的主要环节为处理废弃利器1582名,占61.58%;职业暴露发生的主要部位为手2520名,占98.09%。发生组中有1047名(40.76%)护士在发生职业暴露后未上报。6244名低年资护士中有950名(15.21%)低年资护士所在医院未在24 h内做暴露者的基线血液检测。二元Logistics回归分析显示,科室、所在地区、医院类别、工作中能否做到标准预防、每天工作时间、工作岗位职业暴露危险水平、周围人员职业安全防护意识、培训频率、防护用品及安全型针具种类对低年资护士职业暴露均有影响。结论低年资护士职业暴露发生率较高,建议护理管理者加强对低年资护士处理废弃利器的培训,规范上报和基线血液检测行为,并根据低年资护士职业暴露的影响因素制定预防措施,降低低年资护士职业暴露发生风险。
Objective To investigate the current situation of sharp instrument injuries and occupational exposure to blood and body fluids among young nurses and explore influencing factors.Methods A survey was conducted on young nurses from 31 provinces across the country(excluding Hong Kong,Macao,and Taiwan)using the"nurse occupational exposure survey questionnaire".Results A total of 6,244 junior nurses from 31 provinciallevel administrative regions were surveyed in this study,and 2,569 nurses who had experienced sharp instrument injuries or blood and body fl uid splashes during work were assigned as the incidence group.The remaining 3,675 nurses were assigned to the non occurrence group.The main link of occupational exposure is the disposal of 1,582 discarded sharp tools,accounting for 61.58%;the main site of occupational exposure is 2,520 hands,accounting for 98.09%.The 1,047(40.76%)nurses did not report occupational exposure in the incidence group.Out of 6,244 junior nurses,950(15.21%)of them did not undergo baseline blood tests for exposed individuals within 24 hours at their hospital.Binary Logistic regression analysis shows that department,location,hospital type,whether standard prevention can be achieved in work,daily working hours,occupational exposure risk level of the work position,occupational safety protection awareness of surrounding personnel,training frequency,types of protective equipment and safety needles have an impact on occupational exposure of young nurses.Conclusion The incidence of occupational exposure among young nurses is relatively high.It is recommended that nursing managers strengthen training on the disposal of discarded sharp tools among young nurses,standardize reporting and baseline blood testing behavior,and develop preventive measures based on the influencing factors of occupational exposure among young nurses to reduce the risk of occupational exposure among young nurses.
作者
官玲
张志云
张丽辉
范璐
李琦
刘洋洋
袁素娥
GUAN Ling;ZHANG Zhiyun;ZHANG Lihui;FAN Lu;LI Qi;LIU Yangyang;YUAN Sue(Xiangya Hospital of Central South University,Changsha,410008,China)
出处
《护理实践与研究》
2023年第10期1448-1455,共8页
Nursing Practice and Research
基金
湖南省科技创新计划项目(湖南创新型省份建设专项经费资助)(编号:2021ZK4214)。
关键词
低年资护士
职业暴露
锐器伤
血液体液暴露
影响因素
培训
Junior nurses
Occupational exposure
Sharp injury
Blood and body fluids exposures
Influencing factors
Training
