摘要
[目的]本文旨在利用外源优良基因改良栽培甜瓜,拓宽其遗传基础。[方法]选用12份普通甜瓜栽培种和1份野生种材料西印度瓜(Cucumis anguria L.)进行正反种间杂交,通过胚拯救获得以西印度瓜为母本,以栽培甜瓜‘新红瑞’为父本的杂交后代F_(1);将F_(1)与甜瓜进行回交获得BC_(1)植株,并从形态学、细胞学和分子水平分析评估此次杂交获得的F_(1)和BC_(1)。[结果]在胚拯救过程中,4粒F_(1)幼胚成功萌发了3粒,通过继代和驯化,最终保存了4株杂交后代植株。F_(1)子代前期生长缓慢、叶片黄化,叶片形状、雄花形状和大小等性状均表现为双亲中间型;F_(1)生长中后期,以上性状趋同于母本,父本的植物学特征消失。果实的果梗长短和茎部绒毛这2个性状仍表现为居间型。SSR分子标记分析发现,F_(1)子代中扩增出双亲互补型的条带。形态学和SSR分子标记鉴定都证明了种间杂种F_(1)的真实性。将杂交后代F_(1)与甜瓜进行回交,获得了2粒饱满的BC_(1)种子,BC_(1)中也检测到了西印度瓜的特征条带,且在田间调查中发现BC_(1)的卷须有苦味,而西印度瓜和‘新红瑞’的卷须均无苦味。[结论]获得了真实种间杂种F_(1),并通过回交将少量外源遗传物质转导到栽培甜瓜中,为利用野生种西印度瓜的优异基因改良栽培甜瓜提供了理论依据和技术参考。
[Objectives]The purpose of this article was to improve the cultivation of melon by using foreign excellent exogenous genes to broaden its genetic basis.[Methods]12 cultivated species of common melon and 1 wild species of Cucumis anguria L.were used as reciprocal cross parents,and the F_(1)hybrids with C.anguria as female parent and cultivated melon‘Xinhongrui’as male parent were obtained by using the immature embryo culture technique.And the F_(1)was backcrossed with melon to obtain BC_(1)plants.The results of F_(1)and BC_(1)were evaluated by morphological,cytological and molecular analysis.[Results]In the process of embryo rescue,three of the four young embryos germinated successfully.Through subculture and domestication,four hybrid offspring plants were finally preserved.The results showed that the F_(1)was yellowing and grew slowly,the leaf shape and the male flower size of the F_(1)were intermediate to those of either parent in the early stage.But these traits were more inclined to female parents in the later stage,and the botanical characteristics of male parents disappeared.The two characters of fruit stalk length and stem villi always showed intermediate type.SSR identification showed that both parental bands and some new bands were amplified in F_(1).The authenticity of interspecific hybrid F_(1)was verified by morphology and SSR molecular marker identification.There were two mature seeds of BC_(1)which were obtained by backcrossing F_(1)with melon parent.BC_(1)plants were identified as bands of C.anguria in molecular markers.In the field investigation,it was found that the tendrils of BC_(1)had bitter taste,while the tendrils of C.anguria and‘Xinhongrui’had no bitter taste.[Conclusions]The real interspecific hybrid F_(1)was obtained,and it could lead to the preliminary transduction of exogenous genetic materials into cultivated melon,which provided a theoretical basis and technical reference for improving cultivated melon by using the excellent genes of C.anguria.
作者
郑莉娜
毕研胜
孙亚亭
王克征
钱春桃
李季
程春燕
娄群峰
LI Ji;CHENG Chunyan;LOU Qunfeng(College of Horticulture/National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics&Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210095,China)
出处
《南京农业大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第3期464-472,共9页
Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University
基金
江苏省农业重大新品种创制项目(PZCZ201718)。
关键词
西印度瓜
甜瓜
种间杂交
SSR
Cucumis anguria L.
melon
interspecific hybridization
SSR
