摘要
能力建设与发展一直是《生物多样性公约》(以下简称《公约》)及其议定书下的重要议题,《昆明-蒙特利尔全球生物多样性框架》更是将其作为履约的有效执行手段之一。本文旨在增进生物多样性利益相关方对能力建设与发展问题的全面、深入理解,以及探讨为处理这个问题可选择的优先政策事项。首先,从能力、能力建设和能力发展基本概念入手,概述了这些术语在《公约》及其议定书相关文件中的演变历史;然后,基于历届《公约》及其议定书的决定,全面梳理了能力建设与发展的磋商进程和COP15主要争论焦点,分析了该领域面临的资金、规划、项目、信息分享以及与其他国际公约之间的协同等关键性挑战及其原因;最后,针对能力建设与发展问题,在国际层面上,从扩宽资金渠道、制定或协调不同层次的战略与行动规划、确保项目和方案的长期性和可持续性、完善信息交流机制、提升相关公约间协同增效等方面提出了政策关注点;在国内层面上,从强化顶层设计、更新生物多样性战略与行动计划、查明生物安全和生物遗传资源领域的能力建设需求、加大宣传与参与以及充分利用“昆明生物多样性基金”和“一带一路”倡议等方面提出了政策建议。
Background&Aim:Capacity-building and development(CDD)is an integral part to implementing the protocols of the Convention on Biological Diversity(CBD),and an effective means to put the new Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework(GBF)into action.CDD is crucial,in developing countries,for promoting the implementation of the CBD and achieve positive results.This paper aims to provide guidance for effective implementation of the Kunming-Montreal GBF and completion of its goals,and further explore policy priorities that could potentially address the issue.Review Results:It is known that none of the“Aichi Targets”have been fully achieved at the global level.Furthermore,the international community realizes the need to alter past approaches that were largely focused towards setting targets than taking actions.Here,we systematically review the policy decisions adopted by the Conferences of the Parties(COPs)to the CBD and its protocols in regard to CDD.The findings show that due to the increasing concerns for the CDD under CBD,the COPs recommend a reorienting of priorities from the long-term focus on information exchange and technology transfer to the establishment and performance of a complete institution for the CDD.The latest negotiation results and debates on the CDD contained in the Kunming-Montreal GBF are also presented.Challenges:The efforts to promote CDD under the CBD and its Protocols still face ongoing challenges,including insufficient co-finance,shortage of systematic needs assessment and inventory,limited knowledge and information sharing,lack of long-term and sustainable interventions,and inadequate synergy among biodiversity-related international conventions.Recommendations:Strategic recommendations to enhance the CDD are provided,namely,at the international level,(1)strengthening financial support;(2)national biodiversity strategies and action plans(NBSAP)to fully guarantee the implementation of capacity-building and development activities;(3)ensuring the projects and programs for the CDD are sys
作者
章嫡妮
王蕾
卢晓强
王长永
刘燕
Dini Zhang;Lei Wang;Xiaoqiang Lu;Changyong Wang;Yan Liu(Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences,Ministry of Ecology and Environment,Nanjing 210042)
出处
《生物多样性》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第4期27-35,共9页
Biodiversity Science
基金
国家重点研发计划(2020YFC1806305-04)
国家自然科学基金委员会国际(地区)合作与交流项目(41961144022)
生态环境部生物多样性调查、观测和评估项目(2019-2023)。
关键词
能力建设与发展
生物多样性公约
议定书
履约
昆明-蒙特利尔全球生物多样性框架
战略框架
行动计划
capacity-building and development
Convention on Biological Diversity
protocol
international compliance
Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework
strategic framework
action plan
