摘要
干旱区盐结皮对土壤水分蒸发有着重要影响,但Na_(2)SO_(4)盐结皮研究不足.利用风沙土进行盐水土柱蒸发试验,观测并分析了盐结皮的形态以及盐晶体的变化情况,结果表明:1)当Na_(2)SO_(4)盐水土柱表面结皮形成后降低了风沙土水分的蒸发速率,从而使盐水土柱的土壤水分平均蒸发速率比纯水土柱降低了14.30%;2)土壤内部有盐结晶形成也会降低土壤水分蒸发,蒸发期间盐水土柱土壤水分蒸发速率比纯水土柱降低了19.34%;3)当盐结皮由无水Na_(2)SO_(4)或Na_(2)SO_(4)·10H_(2)O潮解为一层液膜时,会短暂促进土壤水分蒸发,盐水土柱的土壤水分蒸发速率比纯水土柱提高了48.44%;4)Na_(2)SO_(4)表面结皮和内部结晶均会有效降低含盐风沙土水分的蒸发速率,延缓含盐土壤内部水分蒸发损失速率,而盐结皮的潮解则会加剧土壤水分的蒸发,不利于土壤的水分保持.
Salt crust has an important impact on soil moisture evaporation in arid areas,but Na_(2)SO_(4) salt crust research is insufficient.In this paper,the evaporation test of saline soil column was carried out by using aeolian sandy soil.The morphology of salt crust and the change of salt crystals were observed and analyzed.The results show that:1) When the surface crust of Na_(2)SO_(4) saline soil column is formed,the evaporation rate of aeolian sandy soil water is reduced,so that the average evaporation rate of saline soil column is 14.30%lower than that of pure water soil column.2) The formation of salt crystals in soil also reduces soil moisture evaporation,and the soil moisture evaporation rate of salt-water soil column is 19.34%lower than that of pure water soil column during evaporation.3) When the salt crust is decomposed from anhydrous Na_(2)SO_(4) or Na_(2)SO_(4)·10H_(2)O into a liquid film,it will temporarily promote soil moisture evaporation,and the soil moisture evaporation rate of salt water soil column is 48.44%higher than that of pure water soil column.4) Na_(2)SO_(4) surface crust and internal crystallization can effectively reduce the evaporation rate of water in saline aeolian sandy soil,delay the evaporation loss rate of water in saline soil,and the dissolution of salt crust will aggravate the evaporation of soil moisture,which is not conducive to soil moisture retention.
作者
杨彩霞
李诚志
孔德印
师欣宇
YANG Caixia;LI Chengzhi;KONG Deyin;SHI Xinyu(School of Ecology and Environment,Xinjiang University,Urumqi Xinjiang 830017,China;Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecology,Ministry of Education,Xinjiang University,Urumqi Xinjiang 830017,China;Jinghe Temperate Desert Ecosystem Field Observation and Research Station,Ministry of Education,Jinghe Xinjiang 833300,China)
出处
《新疆大学学报（自然科学版）（中英文）》
CAS
2023年第3期358-366,共9页
Journal of Xinjiang University(Natural Science Edition in Chinese and English)
基金
国家自然科学基金“风沙土盐结皮过程中NaCl盐晶微结构演变规律及其对土壤水分蒸发的影响”(41761005)
新疆维吾尔自治区级大学生创新训练计划项目“干旱矿区修复中覆粗砂层对含盐土壤水分蒸发的影响”(S202110755068)。
