摘要
水平段钻进过程中,井眼清洁效果不佳可导致摩阻扭矩增大、环空压耗激增、卡钻等井下复杂情况,严重制约水平段延伸能力。前人在相关研究中往往忽略或弱化了钻杆转速对水平段井眼清洁的影响,建立的相关理论模型未考虑钻杆旋转对环空流场的影响。为探究钻杆转速和排量对岩屑运移的协同作用,文章通过对水平井钻杆旋转时的不同方向上的环空流场流体流速以及对岩屑颗粒的三维受力分析建立了钻柱旋转条件下的水平井岩屑床厚度计算模型。在水平段钻进过程中,由于重力作用,钻杆沉于环空低边,形成窄环空区域,模型计算结果表明该区域钻井液轴向流速慢,往往不足以达到岩屑启动的临界流速从而造成岩屑沉积,此时钻杆旋转导致的钻井液周向速度可将岩屑带入环空高边的高速流域从而达到携岩的效果。利用该模型对玛湖现场常用的7种环空尺寸进行了计算,推荐了不同井眼尺寸下的钻杆转速,通过实钻情况的对比分析证实了本模型的可靠性。该模型为指导水平井钻进提供了一定的理论基础。
In the drilling process of horizontal well,poor hole cleaning can lead to downhole complexities such as increase in friction torque of drilling tools,sticking and sharp increase in annulus pressure,which seriously restricts the horizontal well extension ability.In previous studies,the important effect of drill pipe rotation speed on wellbore cleaning is often ignored,and the influence of drill pipe rotation on annulus flow field is also not considered in the established models.In order to explore the comprehensive effect of drill pipe rotation speed and displacement on cuttings migration,this study first established a calculation model of cuttings bed thickness in horizontal wells considering the condition of drill pipe rotation after calculating the eccentric annulus flow field when the drill pipe rotates in horizontal wells and analyzing the three-dimensional stress of cuttings particles.In the process of horizontal section drilling,due to gravity,the drill pipe sinks at the lower edge of the annulus,forming a narrow annulus area.The model calculation results show that the axial flow rate of the drilling fluid in this area is slow,which is often not enough to reach the critical flow rate of rock cuttings startup,resulting in cuttings deposition.At this time,the circumferential velocity of the drilling fluid caused by the rotation of the drill pipe can bring the cuttings into the high-speed basin at the upper edge of the annulus,thus achieving the effect of efficient rock carrying.Then,the model is used to calculate the seven kinds of annulus sizes commonly used in the field,and the drill pipe rotation speed under different hole sizes is recommended.Finally,the model is used to compare and analyze the actual drilling situation in Mahu Lake,which verifies the reliability of the model and also proves that the model has a certain guiding role in engineering practice.
作者
白明娜
谢江锋
陈海涌
欧阳勇
安锦涛
张倩
阚正玉
BAI Mingna;XIE Jiangfeng;CHEN Haiyong;OUYANG Yong;AN Jintao;ZHANG Qian;KAN Zhengyu(Oil&Gas Technology Research Institute of PetroChina Changqing Oilfield Company,Xi′an,Shaanxi 710018,China;National Engineering Laboratory for Exploration and Development of Low-permeability Oil&Gas Fields,Xi′an,Shaanxi 710018,China;Engineering Technology Management Department of PetroChina Changqing Oilfield Branch,Xi′an,Shaanxi 710018,China;School of Petroleum Engineering,China University of Petroleum(Beijing),Beijing 102249,China;Laojunmiao Oil Production Plant of PetroChina Yumen Oilfield Company,Jiuquan,Gansu 735200,China;Tianjin Huizhu Petroleum Equipment Technology Co.,Ltd.,Tianjin 300350,China)
出处
《钻采工艺》
CAS
北大核心
2023年第2期8-14,共7页
Drilling & Production Technology
基金
国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目“深井复杂地层智能井控井筒压力预测模型与优化控方法”(52104012)
中国石油—中国石油大学(北京)战略合作项目“准噶尔盆地玛湖中下组合和吉木萨尔陆相页岩油高效勘探开发理论及关键技术研究”(ZLZX2020-01)
新疆维吾尔自治区高校科研计划重点项目“智能井控井筒压力模型与控制方法”(XJEDU20211028)。
关键词
水平井
钻柱旋转
岩屑运移
岩屑床厚度
钻进参数优选
horizontal well
drill string rotating
cuttings migration
cuttings bed thickness
drilling parameter optimization
