摘要
氢燃料电池是一种电化学转化装置,与传统内燃机相比,具有启动速度快、工作效率高、环境友好、噪音小、特征信号低等优点,非常适合在城市交通、太空、水下等环境中使用。然而,受耐久性及成本限制,目前氢燃料电池仍无法达到大规模商用的水平。氢燃料电池耐久性提升成为其未来应用亟待解决的难题,要攻克这一难题,必须深入了解影响电堆衰减的因素及衰减机理。从操作工况和操作条件两个方面综述了氢燃料电池电堆衰减机理及研究进展,重点对膜电极中关键材料(包括催化层、气体扩散层、质子交换膜)在启停工况、动态工况、怠速工况、水管理、热管理、冷启动、气体毒化以及电堆组装条件下电堆的衰减机理等进行了总结。
Hydrogen fuel cell is an electrochemical energy conversion device.Compared with conventional combustion engines,it is characterized by fast startup speed,low operating temperature,high efficiency,environment-friendly,low noise and low characteristic signal.Therefore,it is very suitable for city transportation,space and underwater applications.However,poor durability hinders the large-scale commercialization of hydrogen fuel cell.The reasons for bad durability can be divided into two aspects,including adverse operation protocols and unsuitable operation conditions.This review summarizes the attenuation mechanisms and advances researches about membrane electrode assemblies(including catalyst layer,gas diffusion layer,proton exchange membrane)under start up and shut down protocol,dynamic protocol,idle protocol,water management,thermal management,cold start,gas toxicity,and clamping force.
作者
王家军
耿江涛
邵志刚
杨文斌
WANG Jiajun;GENG Jiangtao;SHAO Zhigang;YANG Wenbin(Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Dalian Liaoning 116023,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)
出处
《电源技术》
CAS
北大核心
2023年第5期551-557,共7页
Chinese Journal of Power Sources
基金
国家重点研发计划(2018YFB1502502)。
关键词
燃料电池
衰减机理
操作工况
操作条件
fuel cells
degradation mechanism
operating protocol
operating condition
