摘要
六氟化硫(SF_(6))是一种强温室效应气体,其全球变暖潜能指数(GWP)为二氧化碳的23900倍,且大气寿命为3200 a,被广泛应用于高压开关设备。SF_(6)的大量使用给温室效应问题带来了巨大的潜在威胁,限制其在电力开关设备中的使用是促进绿色电力工业发展的有效途径。近年来,国内外对基于去SF_(6)技术的环保型开关设备开展了大量研究,本文对近年来国内外环保型开关设备的发展现状、趋势、关键技术进行了综述。环保型开关设备开关的发展是基于去SF_(6)技术–环保替代气体绝缘开断和真空开断+环保气体绝缘的发展。总结对比了SF_(6)替代气体C_(4)F_(7)N、C_(5)F_(10)O、全氟化碳类气体(c-C_(4)F_(8)、C_(3)F_(8)、CF_4))、CF_(3)I、HFO类气体的绝缘性能、开断性能及分解特性,介绍了现有环保气体绝缘开关设备产品现状及发展趋势。结果表明:环保气体中CF_(3)I和c-C_(4)F_(8)多次放电后产生固体微粒影响其绝缘性能,全氟化碳类气体的弱介电强度制约了其研究进展;对比分析认为,C_(4)F_(7)N、C_(5)F_(10)O是一种前景广阔的气体替代方案,两者混合气体绝缘和开断性能基本满足设备需求,但其绝缘性能对设备内部电场的均匀程度较敏感,且分解过程不可逆产物复杂。目前,高压气体环保绝缘开关设备已发展至170 kV/50 kA,所用的环保混合气体共3类:C_(5)F_(10)O/O_(2)/CO_(2)、C_(4)F_(7)N/O_(2)/CO_(2)、C_(4)F_(7)N/CO_(2)。对真空开断+洁净空气的关键技术进行了阐述,总结了大电流真空电弧磁场控制技术、真空灭弧室内外绝缘技术、真空断路器X射线泄漏及温升特性研究现状,并在此基础上总结了真空开断型环保电力开关设备现状及其未来发展趋势。结果表明:纵磁控制是一种有效的电弧调控手段,但对纵磁下的真空电弧研究主要集中于小间隙;分析认为纵磁控制将是真空开关向更高电压等级发展的一大难点
Sulfur hexafluoride(SF_(6))is a potent greenhouse gas with a global warming potential index(GWP)of 23900 times that of carbon dioxide and an atmospheric lifespan of 3200 years.It is widely used in high-voltage switchgear.The widespread use of SF_(6) poses a huge potential threat to the greenhouse effect problem,and limiting its use in power switchgear is an effective way to promote the development of the green power industry.The current situation,trends,and critical technologies of environmentally friendly switchgear at home and abroad in recent years were reviewed in this article.The development of environmentally friendly switchgear switches is based on the development of SF_(6) removal technology-environmentally friendly alternative gas-insulated switching and vacuum breaking+environmentally friendly gas-insulated switching.The insulation performance,breaking performance,and decomposition characteristics of SF_(6)-alternative gas C_(4)F_(7)N,C_(5)F_(10)O,perfluorocarbons(c-C_(4)F_(8),C_(3)F_(8),CF_4)),CF_(3)I,and HFO were summarized and compared.The current status and development trend of existing environmentally friendly gas-insulated switchgear products was introduced.Through comparative analysis,it was recognized that C_(4)F_(7)N,C_(5)F_(10)O are promising alternative gas solutions.The critical technology of vacuum breaking+environmentally friendly gas-insulated was described.The results indicated that solid particles generated after multiple discharges of CF_(3)I and c-C_(4)F_(8) in environmentally friendly gases affect their insulation performance.The weak dielectric strength of perfluorocarbon gas restricts its research progress.Comparative analysis showed that C_(4)F_(7)N and C_(5)F_(10)O promise gas alternatives,and the insulation and breaking performance of C_(4)F_(7)N and C_(5)F_(10)O mixed gases meet the equipment requirements.However,their insulation performance is sensitive to the uniformity of the internal electric field in the equipment,and the irreversible decomposition process produces complex
作者
黄小龙
赵双伟
王勇
苏海博
贾申利
HUANG Xiaolong;ZHAO Shuangwei;WANG Yong;SU Haibo;JIA Shenli(School of Electrical Eng.,Sichuan Univ.,Chengdu 610065,China;Test and Research Inst.,Guangzhou Power Supply Bureau,Guangdong Power Grid Co.,Guangzhou 510410,China)
出处
《工程科学与技术》
EI
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第3期14-29,共16页
Advanced Engineering Sciences
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(51907132)。
