摘要
通过考察薏苡仁药材中真菌毒素的污染状况,评估薏苡仁污染暴露的健康风险,为中药材安全监管及真菌毒素限量标准的制(修)订提供科学指导。从全国五大药材市场收集薏苡仁药材100份,采用UPLC-MS/MS测定样品中14种真菌毒素的含量,经卡方检验和单因素方差分析,结合污染数据建立基于Monte Carlo模拟法的概率评估模型,利用暴露限值法(MOE)和安全限值法(MOS)进行健康风险评估。结果表明,所测薏苡仁样本中玉米赤霉烯酮(ZEN)、黄曲霉毒素B_(1)(AFB_(1))、脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇(DON)、杂色曲霉毒素(ST)、黄曲霉毒素B_(2)(AFB_(2))检出率分别为84%、75%、36%、19%、18%,平均污染水平分别为117.42、4.78、61.16、6.61、2.13μg·kg^(-1);按照2020年版《中国药典》限量标准,AFB_(1)、黄曲霉毒素(AFs)、ZEN存在一定程度的超标,超标率分别为12.0%、9.0%、6.0%。薏苡仁中AFB_(1)、AFB_(2)、ST、DON、ZEN暴露的健康风险较低,但86%的样本存在2种及以上毒素混合污染,需要引起重视。建议加强不同真菌毒素的联合毒性研究,加快混合污染累积暴露评估和毒素限量标准的制(修)订工作。
By investigating the contamination status and predicting the exposure risk of mycotoxin in Coicis Semen,we aim to provide guidance for the safety supervision of Chinese medicinal materials and the formulation(revision)of mycotoxin limit standards.The content of 14 mycotoxins in the 100 Coicis Semen samples collected from five major markets of Chinese medicinal materials in China was determined by UPLC-MS/MS.The probability evaluation model based on Monte Carlo simulation method was established after Chi-square test and One-way ANOVA of the sample contamination data.Health risk assessment was performed on the basis of margin of exposure(MOE)and margin of safety(MOS).The results showed that zearalenone(ZEN),aflatoxin B_(1)(AFB_(1)),deoxynivalenol(DON),sterigmatocystin(ST),and aflatoxin B_(2)(AFB_(2))in the Coicis Semen samples had the detection rates of 84%,75%,36%,19%,and 18%,and the mean contamination levels of 117.42,4.78,61.16,6.61,and 2.13μg·kg^(-1),respectively.According to the limit standards in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia(2020 edition),AFB_(1),AFs and ZEN exceeded the standards to certain extents,with the over-standard rates of 12.0%,9.0%,and 6.0%,respectively.The exposure risks of Coicis Semen to AFB_(1),AFB_(2),ST,DON,and ZEN were low,while 86%of the samples were contaminated with two or more toxins,which needs more attention.It is suggested that the research on the combined toxicity of different mycotoxins should be strengthened to accelerate the cumulative exposure assessment of mixed contaminations and the formulation(revision)of toxin limit standards.
作者
张红霞
江维克
杨昌贵
袁青松
郭兰萍
沈渊文
温倪婷
张进强
周涛
ZHANG Hong-xia;JIANG Wei-ke;YANG Chang-gui;YUAN Qing-song;GUO Lan-ping;SHEN Yuan-wen;WEN Ni-ting;ZHANG Jin-qiang;ZHOU Tao(Resource Institute for Chinese&Ethnic Materia Medica,Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Guiyang 550025,China;National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica,China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences,Beijing 100700,China)
出处
《中国中药杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第6期1491-1497,共7页
China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica
基金
中国中医科学院科技创新工程项目(CI2021B013)
贵州省高层次创新型人才项目(黔科合平台人才[2018]5638-2)
贵州省教育厅高校科研平台团队项目(黔教技[2022]021号)
贵州省科技计划成果应用及产业化项目(黔科合成果[2021]一般136)
中央本级重大增减支项目(2060302)
财政部和农业农村部国家现代农业产业技术体系项目(CARS-21)
贵州中医药大学大学生创新创业训练计划项目(贵中医大创合字(2020)52号)。
