摘要
整体观是中医的精髓与特色,《伤寒杂病论》辨证论治思想内涵更丰富、更鲜活的整体观思维。从伤寒、杂病一体的角度,以辨证的整体观、整体观指导下的联系观、整体观指导下的知常达变及辨证的整体观意义四个方面,总结张仲景运用整体观进行辨证的学术经验。在《伤寒杂病论》一书中,辨证的整体观体现在六经皆有表证、常脉辨识以及各篇互相印证分析疾病等方面。同一主症,脉不同,则证不同,其治有别;而同一脉象,其症不同,则主病不同,因此在整体观指导下需脉症互测、全面权衡。疾病的发展变化以及杂病间、脏腑经络间存在着普遍联系的整体观思想。从整体观出发,掌握主方病机,临证化裁,主方与其衍生方的应用,体现了知常达变。不管从局部着眼全体,还是全面权衡,整体观于疾病辨证中都具有重要意义。
Holism is the essence and characteristic of traditional Chinese medicine.The thought of syndrome differentiation and treatment in Treatise on Cold Damage and Miscellaneous Diseases contains richer and more vivid holistic thinking.From the perspective of integration of cold damage and miscellaneous diseases,this paper summarized ZHANG Zhongjing’s academic experience in the application of holism from four aspects,including the holism of syndrome differentiation,the holism of connection,mastering both permanence and change guided by holism,and the significance of holism of syndrome differentiation.In Treatise on Cold Damage and Miscellaneous Diseases,the holism of syndrome differentiation is embodied in the aspects of exterior syndrome in all six-meridian syndromes,the regular pulse identification and the analysis of diseases from the whole book.The same primary symptom with different pulse indicates different syndromes,treated with different therapies,while the same pulse with different symptoms indicates different diseases.Therefore,under the guidance of the holism,we should comprehensively analyze the pulse and symptoms.There is a universal connective holism between the development and changes of diseases,miscellaneous diseases,Zang-fu organs,meridians and collaterals.From the perspective of holism,mastering the pathogenesis of the primary formula and differentiating syndromes,application of the primary formula and its derived formulas reflect mastering both permanence and change.Holism is of great significance in disease differentiation,no matter from the part to the whole or from the overall balance.
作者
于彩云
尉若山
吕翠霞
YU Caiyun;WEI Ruoshan;LYU Cuixia(Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Jinan 250355,China)
出处
《山东中医药大学学报》
2023年第3期279-283,共5页
Journal of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
基金
山东省名老中医药专家传承工作室建设项目(批文号:鲁卫中发展字〔2018〕1号)。
关键词
《伤寒杂病论》
整体观
联系观
知常达变
辨证
常脉
主方
系列方
Treatise on Cold Damage and Miscellaneous Diseases
holism
connection view
mastering both permanence and change
syndrome differentiation
regular pulse
primary formula
series of derived formulas
