摘要
【目的】研究氮锌肥配施对南方香粳稻产量和外观加工品质、蒸煮食味品质、香气的影响,为南方香粳稻的调优栽培提供科学依据。【方法】田间试验于2020和2021年在扬州大学试验基地进行,供试粳稻品种为宁香粳9号和南粳46。在施锌(+Zn)和不施锌(Zn0)条件下,分别设3个施氮水平:0(N0)、180 kg/hm^(2)(N180)、270 kg/hm^(2)(N270),共6个处理。于收获期,测定产量和产量构成因素,分析籽粒加工外观、食味和香气品质。【结果】提高氮肥用量可显著增加香粳稻产量,而施用锌肥对香粳稻产量无显著影响,+ZnN270处理宁香粳9号和南粳46产量均最高,分别达10.48 t/hm^(2)和10.40 t/hm^(2);相同氮肥用量下,增施锌肥对产量没有显著影响。宁香粳9号和南粳46的最佳稻米加工和外观品质均以+ZnN270处理最优。在相同氮肥用量下,施用锌肥改善了香粳稻的加工和外观品质。与N0处理相比,在N180和N270处理下两品种的直链淀粉含量下降了8.44%~13.16%,蛋白质含量增加了9.79%~23.89%,食味值显著下降。相同氮肥用量下,增施锌肥显著增加了稻米蛋白质含量,提升了食味值。香粳稻的消减值随氮肥用量的增加而增加,其余稻米米粉黏滞性谱(RVA谱)指标随氮肥用量的增加而降低;相同氮肥用量下,+Zn处理对香粳稻的RVA无显著影响。提高氮肥用量可增加香粳稻糙米和精米中氮含量和2-乙酰基-1-吡咯啉(2AP)含量,N180处理宁香粳9号和南粳46糙米中氮含量较N0处理分别增加了4.64%和4.87%,精米中氮含量分别增加了9.80%和12.88%;糙米中2AP分别增加了8.91%和41.38%,精米中2AP分别增加了7.91%和5.88%。N270处理两品种糙米中氮含量较N0处理分别增加了12.17%和11.00%,精米中氮含量分别增加了23.89%和22.98%;糙米中2AP分别增加了12.16%和91.28%,精米2AP分别增加了16.24%和120.78%。N270处理下,与Zn0处理相比,+Zn处理宁香粳9号和南粳46糙米中锌含量分别增加�
【Objectives】The effects of nitrogen rate and zinc fertilizer on the yield,processing and appearance quality,cooking taste,and aroma of fragrant southern japonica rice were studied.【Methods】A field experiment was conducted in the experimental base of Yangzhou University,two fragrant japonica rice cultivars,Ningxiangjing 9 and Nanjing 46,were used as experiment materials.The tested N application levels were 0(N0),180(N180),and 270(N270)kg/hm^(2) under both applying Zn fertilizer(+Zn)and no Zn fertilizer conditions.At maturing stage,the yield,yield compomemts,grain processing,tasting and fragrance quality were determined.【Results】Higher N rate produced higher rice yield,N270 treatment gave the highest yield in Ningxiangjing 9(10.48 t/hm^(2))and Nanjing 46(10.40 t/hm^(2)),+Zn did not affect rice yield.N270 elicited higher rice processing and appearance quality than N0 and N180,and+Zn improved the processing and appearance quality of rice under the same N fertilizer rate(P<0.05).The highest processing quality of Ningxiangjing 9 and Nanjing 46 rice were recorded under+ZnN270.Compared with N0,N180 and N270 increased the protein content by 9.79%−23.89%,but decreased the amylose content by 8.44%−13.16%as well as the taste value significantly.Under the same N rate,+Zn increased rice protein content and improved taste value.The setback value of rice increased,while other indicators of the rheological viscoelasticity value(RVA)decreased with the increase of N application rate.Under the same N fertilizer rate,+Zn did not affect RVA of rice flour(RVA spectrum),compared with no Zn application.The nitrogen and 2-acetyl-1-pyrrololine(2AP)content in brown rice and milled rice increased with increasing N application rate.Compared with N0,N180 increased the nitrogen content of brown rice in Ningxiangjing 9 and Nanjing 46 by 4.64%and 4.87%,increased the nitrogen content of milled rice by 9.80%and 12.88%;increased 2AP content in brown rice by 8.91%and 41,38%,and increased 2AP content in milled rice by 7.91%and 5.88%,re
作者
陈梦涛
刘少强
刘国栋
魏海燕
张洪程
胡群
许方甫
李光彦
邢志鹏
CHEN Meng-tao;LIU Shao-qiang;LIU Guo-dong;WEI Hai-yan;ZHANG Hong-cheng;HU Qun;XU Fang-fu;LI Guang-yan;XING Zhi-peng(Yangzhou University/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Innovation Center of Rice Cultivation Technology in Yangtze Valley,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops,Yangzhou,Jiangsu 225009,China)
出处
《植物营养与肥料学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第4期591-601,共11页
Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(31971841)
国家水稻产业技术体系项目(CARS-01)
山东省重点研发计划课题(2021LZGC020-03)
江苏省水稻产业技术体系项目[JATS(2021)502]
江苏高校优势学科建设工程项目(PAPD)。
关键词
氮肥
锌肥
香粳稻
产量
加工品质
外观品质
食味值
香味值(2AP)
nitrogen fertilizer
zinc fertilizer
fragrant japonica rice
yield
processing quality
appearance quality
taste value
fragrance value(2-acetyl-1 pyrrololine)
