摘要
为研究桂花种子休眠特性,打破休眠以缩短播种育苗周期,以金桂种子为试验材料,通过吸水性测定、内源抑制物对白菜籽发芽影响试验,对休眠类型进行鉴定,并利用机械处理、低温沙藏、硝酸镧及GA3浸泡等方法进行休眠打破试验。结果表明,去壳种子和划口种子的吸水率均高于种壳完整种子,说明种壳对种子的吸水性有一定的阻碍作用。经种壳和胚乳浸提液培养的白菜籽发芽率均显著低于对照,浸提液对白菜籽根的萌发和伸长抑制作用显著,说明种壳和胚乳中含有抑制白菜籽发芽的物质。单因素试验中,种壳划口处理、分别使用1 000 mg/L GA3和30 mg/L硝酸镧溶液浸泡种子48 h以及低温沙藏90 d对打破种子休眠效果最显著,种子发芽率显著高于对照。综合因素试验中,GA31 000 mg/L+硝酸镧50 mg/L+5℃沙藏60 d+种子划口处理条件下种子发芽率最高,为87.78%。金桂种子属于复合休眠类型,造成休眠的主要原因是胚的生理后熟,通过GA3、硝酸镧浸泡和低温层积处理可以解决;次要原因是种壳的机械阻碍,通过去种壳、种壳划口等处理可以解决。
In order to study the dormancy characteristics of Osmanthus fragrans seeds and break dormancy to shorten the sowing and seedling raising cycle,in this study,Osmanthus fragrans var.thunbergii seeds were used as test materials to identify the dormancy types through the determination of water absorption and the effect of endogenous inhibitors on the germination of cabbage seeds.The dormancy breaking test was carried out by means of mechanical treatment,low-temperature sand storage,lanthanum nitrate,and GA3 soaking.The results showed that the water absorption of shelled seeds and scratched seeds were higher than that of intact seeds,indicating that the seed shell had a certain blocking effect on the water absorption of seeds.The germination rates of cabbage seeds cultured with seed shell and endosperm extract were significantly lower than that of the control.The extract had a significant inhibitory effect on the germination and elongation of cabbage seed roots,indicating that the seed shell and endosperm contained substances inhibiting the germination of cabbage seeds.In the single factor experiment,the seed shell scratching treatment,soaking seeds in 1000 mg/L of GA3 and 30 mg/L of lanthanum nitrate solution for 48 h respectively,and low-temperature sand storage for 90 d had the most significant effect on breaking seed dormancy,and the seed germination rate was significantly higher than that of the control.In the comprehensive factor test,the germination rate(87.78%)was the highest in the treatment of GA31000 mg/L+50 mg/L of lanthanum nitrate+5℃sand storage for 60 d+seed scratching.The seed of Osmanthus fragrans var.thunbergii belonged to the type of compound dormancy.The main reason for dormancy was the physiological post ripening of embryos,which could be solved by GA3,lanthanum nitrate soaking and lowtemperature stratification.The secondary reason was the mechanical obstruction of the seed shell,which could be solved by removing the seed shell and scratching the seed shell.
作者
焦雪辉
史喜兵
岳长平
申潇潇
周小娟
孙毅宁
JIAO Xuehui;SHI Xibing;YUE Changping;SHEN Xiaoxiao;ZHOU Xiaojuan;SUN Yining(Zhengzhou Institute of Agricultural and Forestry Science,Zhengzhou 450005,China;Yanling Donghua Planting Farmers'Professional Cooperative,Xuchang 461200,China)
出处
《山西农业科学》
2023年第5期509-515,共7页
Journal of Shanxi Agricultural Sciences
基金
河南省黄河流域生态环境保护与修复重点实验室开放课题(LYBEPR202204)。
关键词
金桂
休眠类型
机械处理
激素处理
休眠打破
Osmanthus fragrans var.thunbergii
dormancy types
mechanical treatment
hormone treatment
dormancy breaking
