摘要
[目的/意义]大数据背景下,科学研究第四范式的到来为信息分析提供了扎实的数据基础与广阔的技术方法,因而发展以问题为中心的信息分析框架与范式,有助于从纷繁复杂的数据中萃取出针对用户决策需求的情报并夯实信息分析作为一门独立学科的发展基础。[方法/过程]详细剖析当前以流程为主线的信息分析框架所存在的问题,在阐释信息分析的哲学基础、学科使命与价值取向的基础上,从人类思维与认知运动角度提炼出信息分析的6个关键要素(分别是目标、语境、问题、测度、洞见、决策)并构建TCPMID分析框架,以分析问题为核心环节详细阐释该分析框架的运行机制。[结果/结论]基于众多分析实践提炼两类信息分析范式,即面向特定需求的项目式分析范式与面向战略实践的运营式分析范式。前者是面向用户特定决策需求的一次性项目管理过程,关注对特定问题的决策满足性;后者是面向组织核心战略的经常性业务活动,强调组织核心战略资源的累积性及对语境变迁的应变性。TCPMID框架中各要素相互关联,以决策为反馈机制实现分析流程的循环迭代,保障信息分析的科学性与有效性,强调语境对信息分析的约束性、用户与分析人员交流的中心地位、分析结果的业务流程检验性和问题解决方案对用户决策的引领性。
[Purpose/Significance]Under the background of big data,the arrival of the fourth paradigm of scientific research provides a solid data foundation and broad technical methods for information analysis.Therefore,the development of problem-centered information analysis framework and paradigm is helpful to extract information for user decision-making needs from complex data and consolidate the development of information analysis as an independent discipline.[Method/Process]This paper analyzed the problems existing in the current information analysis framework with process as the main line.On the basis of explaining the philosophical basis,subject mission and value orientation of information analysis,this paper extracted six key elements of information analysis(namely,target,context,problem,measurement,insight and decision-making)from the perspective of human thinking and cognitive movement,and constructed the TCPMID analysis framework.The operation mechanism of the analysis framework was explained with the problem as the core link.[Result/Conclusion]Based on many analysis practices,two types of information analysis paradigms are refined,namely,project-based analysis paradigm for specific needs and operational analysis paradigm for strategic practice.The former is a one-time project management process for user specific decision-making needs,focusing on the decision-making satisfaction of specific problems;the latter is a regular business activity oriented to organizational core strategy,emphasizing the accumulation of organizational core strategic resources and the adaptability to context changes.The elements in TCPMID framework are interrelated,and the decision-making is the feedback mechanism to realize the loop iteration of the analysis process and ensure the scientificity and effectiveness of information analysis.It emphasizes the binding of context to information analysis,the central position of communication between users and analysts,the business process testability of analysis results,and the leading role of pr
作者
韩毅
汪舒
Han Yi;Wang Shu(College of Computer and Information Science,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715;Business College of Southwest University,Chongqing 402460)
出处
《图书情报工作》
北大核心
2023年第6期107-115,共9页
Library and Information Service
关键词
信息分析
情报研究
问题中心视角
TCPMID
分析框架
信息分析范式
information analysis
intelligence studies
problem-centered perspective
TCPMID analysis
framework
information analysis paradigm
