摘要
关于人工智能,可以讲述许多不同的故事。事实上,在过去的几十年中,好莱坞科幻电影发生了转变。许多早期的故事展示了对人与机器的身份认知困惑,原因是它们似乎变得出奇地难以分辨。而近来的那些故事更多围绕着失望与冲击展开,因为我们发现那些模仿以及胜过人类逻辑能力的机器所拥有的智能与人类的思考与感受大相径庭。本文接下来的观察旨在反思这一转变的重要性。一方面,人工智能研究方向的转变,即从人型到机械型人工智能,本身具有指示性。另一方面,这些电影与其说在探索两种人工智能的影响和可能的未来,不如说它们在反思文化环境,反思那些激发或限制人工智能研究的希望与恐惧。在科幻这样一个由符号与象征、事物与作品组成的世界中,人们有各种方式来理解及定位自身。就这点而言,科幻也因此可以为技术诠释学研究,即为尝试理解人工智能及其意义与重要性,提供一个舞台或表征框架。
There are very different stories to be told about Artificial Intelligence.Indeed,in the last several decades one can witness a shift in Hollywood Sci Fi movies.Many of the older stories were puzzled about human and machine identities as these appear to become uncannily indistinguishable.More recent stories deal with disappointment and shock as the machines which emulate and exceed human reasoning prove to possess a kind of intelligence that is very different from human thinking and feeling.The following observations seek to reflect the significance of this shift.On the one hand it is indicative of a change in the orientation of AI research itselfa change from humanoid to machinic AI.On the other hand,these movies do not so much explore impacts and possible futures of two kinds of AI,they reflect on the cultural conditions,on the hopes and fears that motivate or ground AI research.Thus,science fiction can provide a stage or representational framework for a hermeneutic engagement with technology,that is,for the effort of understanding Artificial Intelligence,its meaning and significance in relation to the various ways in which people understand and position themselves in a world of signs and symbols,of things and works.
作者
阿尔弗雷德·诺德曼
Alfred Nordmann(Department of Philosophy,Technische Universitat Darmstadt,Darmstadt,64287,Germany)
出处
《自然辩证法通讯》
CSSCI
北大核心
2023年第5期1-7,共7页
Journal of Dialectics of Nature
