摘要
为了研究华北落叶松人工林虫害发生区群落特征变化规律,揭示人工纯林群落特征变化与虫害发生之间的关系,以华北落叶松人工纯林为研究对象,选择中龄林和成熟林的虫害发生区和不发生区4种林分类型,在河北省木兰围场国有林场桃山分场,应用群落调查和分析方法,调查分析了不同类型林分植物群落的组成结构与多样性变化规律。主要研究结果与结论如下:(1)在中龄林和成熟林虫害发生区,植物群落的平均科数分别为17.33和19.00,物种数分别为33.33和39.00;灌木的科数分别为0.67和1.67,物种数分别为0.67和2.33,香农维纳多样性指数和均匀度在中龄林发生区均为0;草本类群的科数分别为16.33和17.67,物种数分别为31.67和36.00,其中,多年生草本科数分别为13.00和12.67,物种数分别为25.67和26.33。(2)植物群落香农维纳多样性在中龄林发生区平均值2.42极显著小于中龄林不发生区平均值2.88。(3)灌木类群科数、物种数在虫害发生区显著或极显著小于虫害不发生区。(4)草本植物类群科数和草本植物高度在虫害发生区显著小于虫害不发生区,其中多年生草本植物类群科数、物种数和玛格列夫指数在虫害发生区显著或极显著小于虫害不发生区。总之,不同类型林分,植物群落组成结构与多样性变化规律差异显著。与不发生区相比,虫害发生区植物群落及各类群的物种组成复杂程度和多样性显著降低。
The community characteristics in four stand types pest-infested areas,pest free areas in immature forest and mature forest of the pure stand of Larix principis-rupprechtii in Taoshan Forest of the Mulanweichang National Forestry Management Bureau were investigated with community survey and analyzed methods.In order to reveal the variation regularity in pest-infested areas,the relationship between changes in community characteristics and insect occurrence through the composition and diversity of plant communities.The main results showed that:(1)The average number of families was 17.33 and 19.00,and the number of species was 33.33 and 39.00 in the immature forest and mature forest pest-infested areas,respectively.Among them,the family numbers of shrubs were 0.67 and 1.67,and the species numbers were 0.67 and 2.33,respectively.The Shannon-Wiener’s diversity index and evenness were zero in the immature forest.The family numbers of herbaceous taxa were 16.33 and 17.67,the species numbers were 31.67 and 36.00 in the immature forest and mature forest pest-infested areas,respectively.The number of perennial grasses was 13.00 and 12.67,the number of species was 25.67 and 26.33,respectively.These indexes of plant composition and diversity were significantly or very significantly lower than that in pest free areas.(2)The average number of Shannon-Wiener’s diversity index of plant communities in immature forest pest-infested areas was 2.42,which was significantly lower than that in immature forest pest free areas,which was 2.88.(3)The number of families and species of shrub taxa in pest-infested areas were significantly or very significantly lower than those in pest free areas.(4)The number of families of herbaceous plant taxa and their heights in pest-infested areas were significantly lower than those in pest free areas.Among them,the number of families,species and Margalef index of perennial herbaceous taxa in pest-infested areas were significantly or very significantly lower than those of pest free areas.In conclusion
作者
何学敏
苑壮
李含笑
张子恒
许强
王利峰
高宝嘉
刘军侠
HE Xuemin;YUAN Zhuang;LI Hanxiao;ZHANG Ziheng;XU Qiang;WANG Lifeng;GAO Baojia;LIU Junxia(College of Forestry,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding 071000,China;Baoding Agricultural Machinery Safety Supervison Institute of Hebei Province,Baoding 071000,China;Key Laboratory of Forest Germplasm Resources and Forest Protection of Hebei Province,Baoding 071000,China)
出处
《林业与生态科学》
2023年第2期167-176,共10页
Forestry and Ecological Sciences
关键词
群落特征
群落组成结构
物种多样性
森林虫害
华北落叶松人工纯林
community characteristics
community composition structure
species diversity
forest pest occurrence
pure stand of Larix principis-rupprechtii
