摘要
从地表水、地下水和用水总量3个方面对我国水资源承载状况(不超载、临界超载和超载)进行评价,以地表水、地下水和用水总量承载状况的最差评价结果作为综合评价结果。在此基础上分析城市群、经济区、能源基地和粮食主产区的水资源承载力,最终提出分区管控对策。结果表明:水资源超载区和临界超载区涉及全国53%的国土面积、近60%的人口和GDP,水资源量仅占全国的28%;地表水超载与临界超载单元有151个,主要分布在海河、辽河、黄河中下游支流、淮河中游水系、西北内陆河局部河段;地下水超载与临界单元有107个,超采的地下水主要用于农业灌溉和城市发展。重要城市群、经济区、能源基地几乎全部分布在水资源超载或临界超载地区,17个粮食主产区中有14个在水资源超载和临界超载地区。基于水资源承载能力分析结果,提出超载区“补水”,临界区“控水”,不超载区“保水”的分区管控对策。
With rapid population growth,industrial expansion,improved urbanization level and living standards,the water resources has been excessively utilized,which leads to a series of ecological problems such as rivers and lakes atrophy,land subsidence,and so on.It has directly threatens the high-quality development of China's economy and society and the virtuous cycle of the ecological environment.Water resources carrying capacity is not only an important condition to support regional sustainable development,but also the key to solve water resources problems.At present,the research on water resources carrying capacity has not formed a unified theoretical and technical system,and it still needs further research.At the same time,for China,water resources carrying capacity varies greatly in different regions,affected by water resources endowment conditions,industrial structure,economic and social development level and layout,and other factors.Zoning management is the foundation to strengthen the maximum rigid constraint of water resources,and is also the fundamental need to implement"spatial balance"and"four water and four determination"from the perspective of water resources.Therefore,it is of great significance to implement accurate zoning management of water resources based on the evaluation results of water resources carrying capacity.Based on the existing research,the carrying capacity of water resources in China was analyzed from three aspects of groundwater,surface water and total water consumption.The carrying capacity of surface water was evaluated.The carrying capacity of groundwater was evaluated.The carrying capacity of total water consumption was evaluated.The worst evaluation result of surface water,groundwater and total water consumption was taken as the comprehensive evaluation result of water resources carrying capacity.The zoning management countermeasures for different areas were also put forward.The results are as follows:(1)water resource overload zone and critical overload zone involve 53% of the nati
作者
马睿
李云玲
何君
张小丽
MA Rui;LI Yunling;HE Jun;ZHANG Xiaoli(General Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Planning and Design,Ministry of Water Resources,Beijing 100120,China;College of Water Resources,North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power,Zhengzhou 450046,China)
出处
《南水北调与水利科技（中英文）》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第2期209-217,共9页
South-to-North Water Transfers and Water Science & Technology
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFC3202300)
国家自然科学基金青年项目(51709108)
河南省科技攻关计划项目(182102311062)。
关键词
水资源承载力
分水源
重点区域
分区管控
对策
water resources carrying capacity
water point
key area
zoning management
countermeasure
