摘要
鲜水河为雅砻江一级支流,发源于青海省的巴颜喀拉山南麓,流经四川省色达、炉霍、道孚、雅江等县,两岸颇多石棺葬墓地,迄今已出土铜戈9件,按照形制可分为A、B、C三型,其中,A型为刀戈复合体,可分为三个亚型,演化规律明显,作为戈的功能逐渐加强。B型戈曲刃,有管銎,便于安装和固定柲。C型铜戈为中原商式戈。根据戈的形制和捆绑痕迹,推测戈的捆绑方式有四种:单面捆绑式、凹槽嵌入式、銎内插入式、榫孔插入式。A型戈作为复合形武器,借鉴甘青地区早期青铜文化因素后,形成自己的发展系列,发展成熟后沿横断山东缘向南传播。B型戈部分文化因素来自于北方草原青铜文化,但整体形制独具特色。C型戈为典型的商文化器物。由此可见,鲜水河流域的青铜文化兼具开放性和创造性。
Xianshui River, a first-class tributary of Yalong River, originated from the southern foot of Bayan Har Mountains in Qinghai province, runs through Seda County, Luhuo County, Daofu County and Yajiang County in Sichuan province, with a large number of stone-coffin cemeteries excavated from both side of the river. So far, 9 bronze dagger-axes have been unearthed and they can be divided into three types: Type A, B and C, according to the shape and structure. Type A is knife and Dagger-axes complex, which includes three subtypes, with clear evolution patterns, increasingly showing the function as Dagger-axe. Type B is Gouge Blade, with guan-gong axe, easy to install and fix handles. The dagger-axe in Type C is similar to that of Shang Dynasty in the Central Plains. Based on the structure and the binding traces, it is speculated that there are four binding ways: single-sided binding type, groove embedded type, guan-gong axe internal insertion type, mortise and tenon plug-in type. Type A dagger-axes develops its own evolution series after absorbing the early bronze cultural factors in the Gansu-Qinghai Region, and spreads to the south along the east edge of Hengduan Mountains. Some cultural factors of type B dagger-axes have clues of the bronze culture of the northern grassland but with a unique shape and structure. Type C dagger-axes are typical products of Shang Dynasty Culture. Therefore, the Bronze Culture in Xianshui River Basin is both open and creative.
出处
《北方文物》
北大核心
2023年第2期61-68,共8页
Northern Cultural Relics
关键词
鲜水河
铜戈
刀戈复合体
北方草原文化
Xianshui River
Bronze Dagger-axe
Knife and Dagger-axe Complex
Northern Grassland Culture
