摘要
针对现有施肥机械无法适用于福建省丘陵地区的小块烟田作业,人工施肥劳动强度大、施肥不均匀和施肥不精确等问题,设计了一种电动螺旋式小型施肥机械,通过理论分析初步确定施肥装置关键部件螺旋排肥器的主要结构参数。采用离散元仿真软件进行仿真分析,以螺旋轴转速n、螺距S、螺旋叶片外径D为关键试验因素,排肥器的排肥均匀性变异系数和排肥稳定性变异系数作为试验指标,采用二次回归正交旋转组合仿真试验以及Design-Expert软件分析各参数对排肥性能的影响规律。仿真结果表明:影响排肥性能的主次因素依次为螺旋轴转速>螺旋叶片外径>螺距,排肥器的较优结构参数为螺旋叶片外径56 mm、螺旋轴转速36 r·min^(-1)、螺距48 mm。最后,根据仿真试验结果的较优参数组合设计了一种电动螺旋式小型施肥机,并进行台架试验,台架试验结果表明:排肥器的排肥稳定性变异系数不大于6.33%,排肥均匀性变异系数不大于5.776%,仿真试验结果和实测结果基本符合设计要求,满足福建丘陵地区小块烟田的施肥要求。
Since the existing fertilizer application machinery can not be applied to the operation of small tobacco fields in the hilly areas of Fujian Province,and the manual fertilizer application is labor-intensive,uneven and inaccurate,a small electric screw type fertilizer application machine was designed in this study.The structural parameters of the fertilizer metering auger were determined through field experiment and theoretical analysis.The quadratic-orthogonal-rotation-combination simulation test was carried out based on Discrete Element Simulation Software,taking the rotational speed of the auger shaft(RSAS) n,the pitch of helix(PH) S,and the diameter of the helical blade(DHB) D as the key test factors,the variation coefficient of stability(VCS) and the variation coefficient of uniformity(VCU) of fertilizer metering as test indicators.The effects of each parameter on the fertilizer metering performance were analyzed using Design-Expert software.The results show that the order of the effect of test factors on fertilizer metering performance are ranked as RSAS DHB PH,and the optimal structural parameters of the fertilizer metering auger are 36 r·min-1,56 mm and 48 mm for RSAS,DHB,and PH respectively.Finally,according to these optimal parameters,a small electric auger-type fertilizer spreader was designed.The bench test was conducted,and the result shows that the VCS and VCU of the fertilizer metering auger were not more than 6.33% and 5.776%,respectively.Both the simulation and field experiment results met the design and fertilization requirements of small tobacco fields in hilly areas of Fujian Province.
作者
叶大鹏
赵继宁
青家兴
沈碧河
翁海勇
郑书河
YE Da-peng;ZHAO Ji-ning;QING Jia-xing;SHEN Bi-he;WENG Hai-yong;ZHENG Shu-he(College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering/Fujian Key Laboratory of Agricultural Information Sensing Technology,Fujian Agriculture And Forestry University,Fuzhou350002,China)
出处
《沈阳农业大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第1期81-89,共9页
Journal of Shenyang Agricultural University
基金
福建省科技厅农业引导性(重点)项目(2022N0009)。
关键词
离散元
排肥器
螺旋叶片
农业机械
discrete element
fertilizer metering auger
helical blade
agricultural machinery
