摘要
奇异根串珠霉菌(Thielaviopsis paradoxa)可危害几乎所有的棕榈科植物,其中以引起的椰子泻血病最严重,且至今尚未找到安全有效的防治方法。本研究前期筛选到的生防菌中,经验证铜绿假单胞菌(Pseudomonas aeruginosa)wrj-2-5和粪产碱菌(Alcaligenes faecalis)brj-21具有抑制奇异根串珠霉菌的生防潜力。为明确其对奇异根串珠霉菌的具体抑制效果,以奇异根串珠霉菌为靶标菌,对菌株wrj-2-5和brj-21进行抑菌效果测定、室内防效测定及发酵条件的优化。结果表明,菌株brj-21和wrj-2-5对奇异根串珠霉菌的抑菌率均达到70%以上,离体实验发现2株菌依然具有很好的抑菌效果,处理组病斑面积显著小于对照组,且接种生防菌越早其抑菌效果越好。此外,这2株菌对椰子可可毛色二孢果腐病、椰子灰斑病和椰子心腐病的病原菌均有较强的抑制作用。通过对2株菌的发酵条件进行优化,最终确定菌株wrj-2-5的最佳发酵条件为:接种量8%、转速180 r/min、温度28℃,初始pH为6.0~8.0,培养36 h;菌株brj-21的最佳发酵条件为:接种量8%、转速180 r/min、温度28~32℃,初始pH为6.0~8.0,培养24 h。综上,菌株wrj-2-5和brj-21对奇异根串珠霉菌有较好的防治效果,为椰子泻血病和椰子奇异根串珠霉果腐病的绿色生物防治提供重要的参考依据。
Thielaviopsis paradoxa is harmful to almost all palm plants,among which stem bleeding of coconut is the most serious,and no effective and safe control method is available.Among the biocontrol bacteria screened in the early stage of this study,Pseudomonas aeruginosa wrj-2-5 and Alcaligenes faecalis brj-21 were proved to have biocontrol potential against T.paradoxa.In order to determine the specific inhibitory effect of P.aeruginosa and A.faecalis on T.paradoxa,T.paradoxa was used as the target strain to determine the bacteriostatic effect,indoor control effect and fer-mentation conditions of the biocontrol strains wrj-2-5 and brj-21.The results showed that wrj-2-5 and brj-21 both had a bacteriostatic rate of more than 70%against T.paradoxa.In vitro experiment found that the two bacteria still had good bacteriostasis.The lesion area of the treatment group was significantly smaller than that of the control group.Earlier inoculation would lead to better effect.In addition,the strains had strong inhibitory effect on other pathogenic bacteria of coconut leaf spot,fruit rot,gray spot and heart rot.The optimal fermentation condition of wrj-2-5 was rotation speed 180 r/min,temperature 28℃,culture time 36 h,initial pH value 6.0‒8.0,and inoculum amount 8%.The optimal fer-mentation condition of strain brj-21 was inoculum amount 8%,the initial pH value 6.0‒8.0,rotation speed 180 r/min,temperature 28‒32℃,and incubation time 24 h.In conclusion,wrj-2-5 and brj-21 have good control effects on the stem bleeding of coconut and fruit rot of coconut caused by T.paradoxa.They also have a certain inhibitory effect on the pathogens of other coconut diseases,which would provide an important reference for the green and biological control of T.paradoxa.
作者
刘双龙
余凤玉
宋薇薇
杨德洁
牛晓庆
LIU Shuanglong;YU Fengyu;SONG Weiwei;YANG Dejie;NIU Xiaoqing(Coconut Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences/The Innovation Platform for Academinicians of Hainan Province,Wenchang,Hainan 571339,China;College of Tropical Crops,Hainan University,Haikou,Hainan 570228,China)
出处
《热带作物学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第3期607-613,共7页
Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops
基金
海南省自然科学基金青年基金项目(No.320QN355)
海南省院士创新平台科研专项(No.YSPTZX202151)。
关键词
椰子病害
奇异根串珠霉菌
拮抗细菌
生物防治
coconut disease
Thielaviopsis paradoxa
antagonistic bacteria
biological control
