摘要
随着射电望远镜口径的增大,自重、风荷载和温度作用等对反射面的形状精度带来前所未有的不利影响,合理结构形式的选择及优化十分重要。从望远镜结构体系创新及轻量化、形状精度控制等方面,对作者团队近二十年来在巨型射电望远镜结构相关领域的研究作出总结:从副反射面支撑、俯仰机构、背架结构等三个方面改进巨型全方位可转动望远镜结构方案,提出改进遗传算法解决大规模型材式变量的优化问题,并给出风荷载和温度作用两个精度关键影响因素的作用机理及响应规律;针对新型式巨型望远镜结构,总结“中国天眼”500 m口径射电望远镜结构方案关键设计要点,并给出风荷载、温度作用以及变位疲劳等复杂作用的影响。基于改进的结构方案及优化算法设计的110 m口径全可动望远镜结构,在精度和轻量化方面具有明显优势,所研发的500 m口径射电望远镜结构新型式方案实现了预期的功能和精度要求。
With the increasing aperture,the weight,wind and temperature will adversely affect the reflector shape accuracy,thus the reasonable structural system and related optimization are very important.In this paper,the research of our team in the field of giant radio telescope structure over the last two decades is appropriately summarized from the aspects of structural system innovation,lightweight and shape accuracy control.The structural scheme of the giant all-movable telescope is improved from three aspects including the sub-reflector support(Quadripod),pitching mechanism and the backup structure.An improved genetic algorithm is proposed to solve the optimization problem of the large amounts of sections.The action mechanism and response law of two key factors,i.e.,wind load and temperature,for reflector shape accuracy are obtained.For the new giant telescope structure,the key design points of the structure scheme of 500 meters aperture radio telescope are summarized and the influence of wind,temperature,displacement fatigue and other complex effects are also given.The 110 meters aperture all-movable telescope designed based on the improved structure scheme and optimization algorithm has obvious advantages in reflector accuracy and lightweight.The new scheme of 500 meters aperture radio telescope has achieved the expected functions and accuracy requirements.
作者
范峰
钱宏亮
陈德珅
沈世钊
FAN Feng;QIAN Hongliang;CHEN Deshen;SHEN Shizhao(Key Lab of Structures Dynamic Behavior and Control of the Ministry of Education,Harbin Institute of Technology,Harbin 150090,China;Key Lab of Smart Prevention and Mitigation of Civil Engineering Disasters of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology,Harbin Institute of Technology,Harbin 150090,China;School of Ocean Engineering,Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai,Weihai 264209,China)
出处
《建筑结构学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第4期129-140,共12页
Journal of Building Structures
基金
国家自然科学基金面上项目(10778615,51378149,51678191)
国家自然科学基金青年项目(51008090,51808168)。
关键词
射电望远镜结构
体系创新
形状精度控制
轻量化
radio telescope structure
structural system innovation
shape accuracy control
lightweight design
