摘要
土壤酶是土壤养分循环的重要参与者,也是反映土壤功能的重要指标之一。人工生物土壤结皮(Biological Soil Crusts, BSCs)是近年来新型的固沙技术之一,能够显著促进荒漠生态系统功能的恢复。然而,目前关于人工BSCs如何影响沙区土壤酶活性及恢复速率的研究仍鲜见报道。通过对腾格里沙漠东南缘人工培育以及自然发育的蓝藻结皮和流沙表层(0—2 cm)土壤酶活性(蔗糖酶、纤维素酶、淀粉酶、过氧化氢酶)以及BSCs的基本特征(叶绿素a和胞外多糖)进行测定,探讨了人工蓝藻结皮表层土壤酶活性的变化与恢复速率以及土壤酶活性与人工蓝藻结皮基本特征的关系。结果表明:人工蓝藻结皮表层土壤蔗糖酶(13.03—20.51 mg d^(-1)g^(-1))、纤维素酶(45.60—47.20 mg d^(-1)g^(-1))、过氧化氢酶(12.43—23.31μmol d^(-1)g^(-1))和淀粉酶活性(91.04—153.93 mg d^(-1)g^(-1)),显著高于流沙表层4种土壤酶活性(1.52 mg d^(-1)g^(-1)、43.05 mg d^(-1)g^(-1)、7.08μmol d^(-1)g^(-1)和64.77 mg d^(-1)g^(-1);P<0.05);相比自然发育的蓝藻结皮(17.60 mg d^(-1)g^(-1)、46.70 mg d^(-1)g^(-1)、23.87μmol d^(-1)g^(-1)和246.22 mg d^(-1)g^(-1)),人工蓝藻结皮加快了土壤酶的恢复,土壤蔗糖酶与纤维素酶活性恢复最快(100.0%),土壤过氧化氢酶次之(61.7%),土壤淀粉酶恢复速率最慢(24.9%)。回归分析结果显示,人工蓝藻结皮的基本特征与4种土壤酶活性呈显著正相关(P<0.05)。以上结果表明人工蓝藻结皮的形成与发育显著促进了表层土壤酶活性的增加,加快了土壤酶活性的恢复速率,为评估人工蓝藻结皮在荒漠生态系统恢复中的作用提供了重要依据。
Soil enzymes play an important role in soil nutrient cycling and reflecting soil function.Until now,the artificial biological soil crusts(BSCs)have been one of the useful sand-fixation technologies,which significantly improved desert eco-environments.However,how artificial BSCs did affect soil enzyme activity and the corresponding recovery rates in desert areas?In this study,by studying the soil enzyme activity(sucrase,cellulase,amylase,and catalase)and corresponding BSCs characteristics(chlorophyll a and exopolysaccharides)on the topsoil(0-2 cm)under artificially cyanobacterial crusts,naturally-developed cyanobacterial crusts and shifting sand in the southeastern edge of the Tengger Desert.We aim to elucidate changes in soil enzyme activity,their recovery rates,and even the relationship between soil enzyme activity and the characteristics of artificial cyanobacterial crusts.The results showed that sucrase(13.03-20.51 mg d^(-1)g^(-1)),cellulase(45.60-47.20 mg d^(-1)g^(-1)),catalase(12.43-23.31μmol d^(-1)g^(-1))and amylase activity(91.04-153.93 mg d^(-1)g^(-1))in the artificial cyanobacterial crust surface soil,which were significantly higher than the four soil enzyme activities in the shifting sand(1.52 mg d^(-1)g^(-1),43.05 mg d^(-1)g^(-1),7.08μmol d^(-1)g^(-1) and 64.77 mg d^(-1)g^(-1);P<0.05).By contrast to naturally-developed cyanobacterial crusts(17.60 mg d^(-1)g^(-1),46.70 mg d^(-1)g^(-1),23.87μmol d^(-1)g^(-1) and 246.22 mg d^(-1)g^(-1)),the artificial cyanobacterial crusts accelerated the recovery of soil enzymes,of which,the highest recover rate was shown in sucrase and cellulase(100.0%),followed by soil catalase(61.7%),soil amylase activities recovered the slowest(24.9%).In addition,the results of regression analysis showed that the content of chlorophyll a and exopolysaccharide in the artificial was significantly positively correlated with the activities of the four soil enzymes(P<0.05).The above results highlighted that artificial cyanobacterial crusts significantly promoted the increase of surface
作者
许文文
赵燕翘
王楠
赵洋
XU Wenwen;ZHAO Yanqiao;WANG Nan;ZHAO Yang(Shapotou Desert Research and Experimental Station,Northwest Institute Ecology and Environmental Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)
出处
《生态学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第7期2856-2864,共9页
Acta Ecologica Sinica
基金
国家自然科学基金(32171630,32061123006)
中国科学院“西部之光”重点项目。
关键词
人工蓝藻结皮
土壤酶
沙区
恢复速率
土壤功能
artificial cyanobacterial crusts
soil enzymes
sandy areas
recovery rate
soil function
