摘要
鲜卑人季春大会饶乐水,秋冬“阴山却霜”,已经暴露出《敕勒歌》中敕勒川、阴山下可能是南北两地。从秦汉至唐宋,不论是史籍载记,还是文人赋诗都佐证阴山是今医巫闾山;饶乐水在鲜卑故地,是鲜卑拓跋氏与库莫奚、柔然等部落攘夺之地。“饶乐”的完整读音为“袅罗个”,汉义黄、潢。《金史》记载泰州(黑龙江省泰来)附近有黄水与铁吕川,黄水即是今嫩江,黄水西铁吕川即是敕勒川。古代敕勒川在今嫩江以西,也是鲜卑故地。《敕勒歌》本为鲜卑语,是以鲜卑为核心、多族群大联盟的生活之歌,游牧生活写真。
The Xianbei people often hold tribal assembly in Raole River at the end of spring,“go to Yin Mountains to keep out the cold”in autumn and winter,it has been revealed that in Chile Song,Chile Plain and the foot of Yin Mountains may be located separately in the north and south.From Qin and Han Dynasties to Tang and Song Dynasties,both the records in historical books and the poems written by scholars have proved that the Yin Mountains are the Yiwulv Mountains now;Raole River once was located in Xianbei.It is the military vital importance for Xianbei Tuoba family,Kumoxi,Rouran and other tribes.The complete pronunciation of“Rao Le”is“Niao Luo Ge”,which means flood and water pool in Chinese.The History of Jin Dynasty records that there are Huangshui and Tielvchuan near Taizhou(Tailai,Heilongjiang Province),Huangshui is now Nenjiang River,the west of Huangshui,Tielvchuan is Chile Plain.In ancient times,Chile Plain was also the old haunt of Xianbei in the west of today’s Nenjiang River.Chile Song,originally in Xianbei language,is a song of life with Xianbei as the core and multi-ethnic alliance.It is a portrait of nomadic life.
出处
《北方论丛》
2023年第3期117-125,共9页
The Northern Forum
基金
国家社会科学基金重大项目:“渤海、女真、满洲族源谱系关系研究”(19ZDA180)。
关键词
《敕勒歌》
敕勒川
阴山
鲜卑
饶乐水
Chile Song
Chile Plain
Yin Mountains
Xianbei
Raole River
