摘要
目的 探讨孕早期饮食模式对新生儿出生体重的影响,为指导孕期膳食,改善新生儿出生体重提供理论依据。方法 采用方便抽样,对2020年10月至2021年9月于湖北省妇幼保健院和山西医科大学第一医院产检的妊娠早期妇女进行基线调查,收集食物频率资料。采用探索性因子分析提取饮食模式,运用多项Logistic回归分析孕早期饮食模式与新生儿出生体重的关联。结果 新生儿低出生体重发生率为6.1%,巨大儿发生率为3.3%,小于胎龄儿发生率为5.6%。因子分析得出6种饮食模式:动物蛋白为主型、营养丰富型、酒精型、饮料型、熏烤-腌制型、主食-豆制品型。多项Logistic回归结果显示,动物蛋白为主型饮食模式中分组发生低出生体重风险比低分组降低了54%(OR=0.46,95%CI:0.24-0.89);熏烤-腌制型模式高分组发生低出生体重儿风险是低分组的2.19倍(OR=2.19,95%CI:1.04-4.63);营养丰富型模式高分组发生巨大儿风险是低分组的2.64倍(OR=2.64,95%CI:1.15-6.06)。结论 母亲孕早期3种饮食模式可能影响新生儿出生体重,需重视改善孕妇不良的饮食模式,加强孕期膳食宣教,从而改善新生儿出生体重。
Objective To investigate the influence of dietary patterns in early pregnancy on newborn birth weight,and to provide theoretical basis for guiding pregnancy diet and improving newborn birth weight.Methods From October 2020 to September 2021,a convenient sampling method was used to conduct a baseline survey of women in early pregnancy who had examined in Hubei Maternal and Child Health Hospital and the First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University,and food frequency data were collected.Exploratory factor analysis was used to extract dietary patterns,and multinomial Logistic regression was used to study the association between dietary patterns in early pregnancy and newborn birth weight.Results The incidence of low birth weight infant was 6.1%,macrosomia was 3.3%,and small for gestational age was 5.6%.Six dietary patterns were found by factor analysis:animal protein based,nutrient-rich,alcohol,beverage,roast-pickled,staple food-soybean product.Multiple Logistic regression results showed that the risk of low birth weight in the medium group of animal protein based type was 54%lower than that in the low group(OR=0.46,95%CI:0.24-0.89);The risk of low birth weight in the high group of roast-pickled type was 2.19 times higher than that in the low pattern group(OR=2.19,95%CI:1.04-4.63);The risk of macrosomia in the high group of nutrition-rich type was 2.64 times higher than that in the low group(OR=2.64,95%CI:1.15-6.06).Conclusion Three dietary patterns in early pregnancy affect newborn birth weight.It is necessary to pay attention to improving the poor dietary patterns of pregnant women and strengthening diet education during pregnancy,and there by improvethe birthweight of newborns.
作者
罗娟
曹夏萌
赵凯
王娜
杨海澜
Luo Juan;Cao Xiameng;Zhao Kai;Wang Na;Yang Hailan(Department of Public Health,Shanxi Medical University,Taiyuan Shanxi 030001;Institute of Reproductive Health,Tongji Medical College,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan Hubei 430030;The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University,Taiyuan Shanxi 030001,P.R.China)
出处
《中国计划生育和妇产科》
2023年第3期88-92,共5页
Chinese Journal of Family Planning & Gynecotokology
基金
国家重点研发计划(项目编号:2018YFC1004304)。
关键词
饮食模式
低出生体重
巨大儿
因子分析
dietary patterns
low birth weight
macrosomia
factor analysis
