摘要
为了分门别类地对价层电子对互斥模型进行深入研究,根据分子的共同点和差异点,将常见分子分为:ABn(B为非氢原子)型、简单氢化物HxA型、复杂共价分子HxABn型。在计算常见分子价层电子对数时,先计算出价层电子总数V,再利用“商余”法:V/8=n…m,n为八隅体原子数,m/2为中心原子A的孤电子对数,x为配位氢原子数。再根据VP=BP+LP=x+n+m/2,计算出价层电子对数。从3种不同类型分子价层电子对数的计算方法中,提取出“商余”法计算常见分子价层电子对数的思维模型,有助于促进学生认知模型的建构和发展。
In order to conduct an in-depth study of the valence shell electron pair repulsion model,this paper divides the common molecules into several categories according to the similari-ties and differences of the molecules:AB,(B is a non-hydrogen atom),H,A(simple hydride),H,AB,(complex covalent molecules).When calculating the number of electron pairs in the va-lence shell of common molecules,firstly calculate the total number of valence shell electrons V,V m and then use the"quotient-remainder"method:V/8=n…m,n as the number of octet atoms,n·82 as the lone electron pair of the central atom A,as the number of coordinating hydrogen atoms.m Then according to VP=BP+LP=x+n+m/2, calculate the number of valence layer electron 2 pairs.From the calculation of the number of valence shell electron pairs of three different types of molecules,this paper concludes the thinking model of calculating the number of valence shell e-lectron pairs of the common molecules by the"quotient remainder"method,which helps promote the construction and development of students'cognitive models.
作者
董拥军
DONG Yong-Jun(Yangzi High School Affiliated to Nanjing Normal University,Nanjing 210048,China)
出处
《化学教育（中英文）》
CAS
北大核心
2023年第7期113-118,共6页
Chinese Journal of Chemical Education
关键词
分类思维
“商余”法
价层电子对数
思维导图
模型认知
categorical thinking
"quotient-remainder"method
number of valence electron pairs
mind map
model cognition
