摘要
目的:分析我国突发公共卫生事件应急管理政策变迁过程,总结各阶段政策特点,为后续相关政策制定提供参考。方法:检索2003-2021年国家层级突发公共卫生事件应急管理政策104份,进行量化分析,深究政策的阶段特征和变迁路径。结果:我国突发公共卫生事件应急管理政策经过不断完善和变迁,参考重大焦点事件、标志性政策和政策数量,划分为政策快速填补期(2003-2008,34份);政策调整完善期(2009-2014,26份);政策战略提升期(2015-2019,12份);政策新飞跃期(2020至今,32份待续)4个阶段。突发公共卫生事件应急管理建设得到重视,应急能力明显提升,体系愈发完善健全,逐渐发展为多部门协作管理进行联防联控。结论:我国突发公共卫生事件应急管理政策体系已逐渐健全,但未来仍需持续完善法律法规体系,强化政府统筹协调,健全社会参与机制,加大宣传力度和提高科技创新能力,以此提升突发公共卫生事件应急管理能力。
Objective:To analyze the policy change process of public health emergency management in China and summarize the characteristics of policies at each stage,so as to provide references for subsequent relevant policy formulation.Methods:A total of 104 national-level public health emergency management policies from 2003 to 2021 were retrieved,and quantitative analysis was conducted to explore the phase characteristics and transition path of the policies.Results:China's management policies for public health emergencies had been continuously improved and changed.With reference to the number of major focal events,landmark policies and policy quantity.The policy can be divided into four stages:rapid replenishment period(2003-2008,34 articles),adjustment and improvement period(2009-2014,26 articles),strategy promotion period(2015-2019,12 articles)and the new leap period(since 2020,32 articles to be continued).The construction of emergency management of public health emergencies had been emphasized,the emergency response capability had been significantly improved,the system had become more and more complete and sound,and gradually developed into multi-sectoral collaborative management for joint prevention and control.Conclusion:China's management policy system for public health emergencies has been gradually improved,but still needs to improve the legal and regulatory system,strengthen government coordination,improve social participation mechanism,increase publicity and improve the ability of scientific and technological innovation,so as to improve the emergency management capacity of public health emergencies.
作者
张枫怡
赵静
傅云翔
马涵彬
杨立津
ZHANG Fengyi(School of Management,Beijing University of Chinese Medicine,Beijing,100029,China)
出处
《医学与社会》
北大核心
2023年第4期68-73,79,共7页
Medicine and Society
基金
北京市社会科学基金资助项目,编号为18GLB044
国家卫生健康委员会委托课题,编号为2040071720118。
关键词
突发公共卫生事件
应急管理
政策变迁
Public Health Emergency
Emergency Management
Policy Change
