摘要
为了预防汽油灌装、运输、存储过程因静电放电诱发燃爆事故,从静电的产生机理及油品静电放电的危险性出发,通过试验研究了影响汽油静电起电的各种因素,包括电导率、水杂质、滤芯、输油管道材质、接地等。试验数据表明,低电导率、一定比例的水杂质、微小孔径的滤芯、非金属管道、金属容器不接地等因素会导致汽油输送过程中产生较多的静电,特别是进一步明确了水杂质对汽油静电起电的影响规律。最后,提出预防汽油静电火灾事故的措施,即提高汽油的电导率至250 pS/m以上;避免汽油中出现水等不相溶杂质;合理选用滤芯的规格,在满足需求的条件下使用较大孔径的滤芯;选用防静电的非金属管道;存储汽油的金属容器应具有良好的静电接地。
In order to prevent the ignition and explosion accidents caused by electrostatic discharge during the filling,transportation and storage of gasoline,starting from the generation mechanism of gasoline electrostatic discharge and the hazard of oil electrostatic discharge,various factors affecting gasoline electrostatic discharge,including conductivity,water impurities,filter element,oil pipeline material,grounding,etc.,were studied through experiments.The test data showed that factors such as low conductivity,a certain proportion of water impurities,micro-pore filter elements,non-metallic pipes,and metal containers that were not grounded will cause more static electricity in the process of gasoline transportation,especially to further clarify the impact of water impurities on gasoline static electricity.Finally,measures to prevent gasoline static fire accidents were proposed,such as increasing the conductivity of gasoline to more than 250 pS/m,avoiding water and other immiscible impurities in gasoline,selecting the filter element with larger diameter under the condition of meeting the requirements,picking antistatic non-metallic pipes,electrostatic grounding of metal containers for storing gasoline.
作者
李义鹏
Li Yipeng(State Key Laboratory of Safety and Control for Chemicals,SINOPEC Research Institute of Safety Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Shandong,Qingdao,266104)
出处
《安全、健康和环境》
2023年第3期22-25,56,共5页
Safety Health & Environment
基金
中国石化科技部项目(KL22060),成品油中二相介质荷电特性及电场下运动规律研究。
关键词
汽油
静电
放电
起电
燃爆事故
电导率
gasoline
static electricity
discharge
electrification
explosion accident
conductivity
