摘要
为探明水氮基追施用对马铃薯产量、灌溉水肥利用效率和土壤酶活性等方面的综合影响,以获取最优水氮基追施用方案。大田试验设置3个灌水水平W1(900 m^(3)/hm^(2))、W2(1350 m^(3)/hm^(2))和W3(1800 m^(3)/hm^(2))以及3个氮肥基追比水平F1(N_(2∶1))、F2(N_(1∶1))和F3(N1∶2),共9个处理,利用熵权TOPSIS法构建宁夏中部旱区马铃薯综合生长评价体系,并以高产、节水节肥为目标建立马铃薯水氮基追施交互响应数学模型。结果表明,灌水量和氮肥基追施对马铃薯单株产量、产量、iWUE(灌溉水利用效率)、PFP(肥料偏生产力)、土壤碱性磷酸酶、土壤蔗糖酶均影响显著;利用熵权TOPSIS法建立马铃薯综合评价体系,得到最优综合响应评分0.1761,即为A7处理(1800 m^(3)/hm^(2),N_(2∶1));由马铃薯综合生长对水氮基追施交互响应模型得出,水氮基追施单因素对马铃薯综合生长影响均呈开口向下的二次抛物线,水氮基追施交互影响显著。当施肥编码为-0.7723(基肥∶追肥=1.6553∶1)、灌水编码为0.6553(1697.535 m^(3)/hm^(2))时,综合评分最高。以综合评分0.16划分闭合区域得出马铃薯生产上最佳的灌水区间和氮肥的基追施比例分别为1440~1935 m^(3)/hm^(2)、1∶1~2.3∶1,此区间最有利于实现马铃薯水氮协同效应最优。
In order to obtain the optimal irrigation and nitrogen topdressing scheme,the comprehensive effects of irrigation and nitrogen topdressing on potato yield,irrigation water and fertilizer utilization efficiency and soil enzyme activity were investigated.In the field experiment,three irrigation levels of W1(900 m^(3)/hm^(2)),W2(1350 m^(3)/hm^(2))and W3(1800 m^(3)/hm^(2))and three nitrogen fertilizer application ratio of base to topdressing of F1(N_(2∶1)),F2(N_(1∶1))and F3(N1∶2)were set up,with a total of nine treatments.The comprehensive growth evaluation system of potato in Ningxia central arid region was established by entropy weight TOPSIS method,and the interaction response mathematical model of potato irrigation levels and different nitrogen application ratios of base to topdressing was established with the goal of high yield,water saving and fertilizer saving.The results showed that the yield per plant,yield,iWUE(irrigation water use efficiency),PFP(fertilizer partial productivity),soil alkaline phosphatase and soil sucrase were significantly affected by irrigation amount and application ratios of base to topdressing.The comprehensive evaluation system of potato was established by using TOPSIS method,and the optimal comprehensive response score was 0.1761,which was A7 treatment.The interaction response model of potato comprehensive growth to irrigation level and nitrogen application ratios of base to topdressing showed that the single factor of irrigation level or nitrogen application ratios had an open downward quadratic parabola on potato comprehensive growth,and the interaction effect of them was significant.When the fertilization code was-0.7723(base fertilizer∶topdressing=1.6553∶1)and the irrigation code was 0.6553(1697.535 m^(3)/hm^(2)),the comprehensive score was the highest.The comprehensive score of 0.16 was used to divide the closed area,and the optimal irrigation interval and nitrogen application ratio of base to topdressing in potato production were 1∶1~2.3∶1 and 1440~1935 m^(3)/hm^(
作者
孙富斌
尹娟
魏小东
马正虎
杨莹攀
王顺
SUN Fu-bin;YIN Juan;WEI Xiao-dong;MA Zheng-hu;YANG Ying-pan;WANG Shun(College of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering,Ningxia University,Yinchuan Ningxia 750021;Ministry of Education Engineering Center for Efficient Utilization of Agricultural Water Resources in Arid Regions,Yinchuan Ningxia 750021;Ningxia Engineering Technology Research Center for Water-saving Irrigation and Water Resource Regulation,Yinchuan Ningxia 750021)
出处
《中国土壤与肥料》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第1期48-56,共9页
Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China
基金
宁夏大学一流学科项目(NXYLXK2021A03)。
关键词
马铃薯
水氮基追比
土壤酶活性
产量
灌溉水肥利用效率
综合评价模型
potato
irrigation level and different nitrogen application ratios of base to topdressing
soil enzyme activity
yield
utilization efficiency of irrigation water and fertilizer
comprehensive evaluation model
