摘要
以‘天禧三号’和‘必抗T608号’番茄为试材,采用垄下覆膜栽培,设置有机肥正常用量(60 t/hm^(2),4M)、有机肥增施(120 t/hm^(2),8M)和氮钾化肥推荐用量(225 kg/hm^(2),N1)、氮钾化肥减施15%(191.25 kg/hm^(2),N2)、氮钾化肥减施30%(157.5 kg/hm^(2),N3),随机组合,共6个处理(4MN1、4MN2、4MN3、8MN1、8MN2、8MN3),探究氮钾化肥减量及有机肥增施对设施番茄品质的影响,进一步量化适宜的施肥梯度。结果表明:(1)增施有机肥后,两个品种番茄的单果重均有所增加。(2)正常有机肥处理后,两个番茄品种果实品质指标随氮钾化肥减施变化趋势不一,说明氮和钾在不同品质指标中发挥的作用不同;增施有机肥后,两个番茄品种品质指标(番茄红素、维生素C、可溶性糖等)随氮钾化肥减施占比增大基本均呈先升高后降低的趋势。(3)‘天禧三号’番茄在相同用量有机肥处理下减施氮钾化肥使果实中氮和钾含量均增加,磷含量呈先降低后升高的趋势;‘必抗T608号’番茄在相同用量有机肥处理下减施氮钾化肥使果实中氮含量均增加,磷含量降低,正常有机肥处理下减施氮钾化肥使钾含量下降,而增施有机肥处理下减施氮钾化肥使钾含量增加。此外,通过对番茄品质指标采用主成分分析,并对其综合排序,结果表明,4MN3处理对‘天禧三号’番茄果实品质的综合影响效果最好;4MN2处理对‘必抗T608号’番茄果实品质的综合影响效果最好。
‘Tianxi No.3’and‘Bikang T608’tomatoes were grown under the monopoly with film,with the normal amount of organic fertilizer(60 t/hm^(2),4M),the increased amount of organic fertilizer(120 t/hm^(2),8M),the recommended amount of nitrogen and potassium fertilizer(225 kg/hm^(2),N1),the reduced amount of nitrogen and potassium fertilizer by 15%(191.25 kg/hm^(2),N2),and 30%reduction of nitrogen and potassium fertilizer(157.5 kg/hm^(2),N3),both of which were randomized completely.And six treatments were set up in total(4MN1,4MN2,4MN3,8MN1,8MN2,8MN3)to investigate the effects of nitrogen and potassium fertilizer reduction and organic fertilizer increase on the quality of tomatoes,and to further quantify the appropriate fertilization gradient.The results showed as follows:(1)The single fruit weight of two tomato varieties increased after increasing organic fertilizer application.(2)At the normal organic fertilizer treatment,the fruit quality indexes of the two tomato varieties varied with nitrogen and potassium fertilizer reduction,indicating that nitrogen and potassium played different roles in different quality indexes.With the increase of organic fertilizer application,the quality indexes(lycopene,Vitamin C,soluble sugar,etc.)of the two tomato varieties basically tended to increase and then decrease with the increase of the reduction of nitrogen and potassium fertilization.(3)The reduction of nitrogen and potassium fertilization in‘Tianxi No.3’tomato under the same amount of organic fertilizer treatment increased the nitrogen and potassium contents of the fruits,and the phosphorus content tended to decrease and then increase;For‘Bikang T608’tomato,the content of nitrogen increased and the content of phosphorus decreased under the same amount of organic fertilizer treatment.The content of potassium decreased under the normal organic fertilizer treatment,while the content of potassium increased under the increased organic fertilizer treatment.In addition,the tomato quality indicators were analyzed by princi
作者
董鹏荣
梁祎
韩敬旭
石玉
侯雷平
邢国明
张毅
DONG Peng-rong;LIANG Yi;HAN Jing-xu;SHI Yu;HOU Lei-ping;XING Guo-ming;ZHANG Yi(College of Horticulture,Shanxi Agricultural University,Taigu Shanxi 030801;Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center,Jiuquan Gansu 732750)
出处
《中国土壤与肥料》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第1期13-22,共10页
Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China
基金
山西省重点研发计划重点项目子课题(201903D211011-03)
山西省基础研究计划(202203021211263)。
关键词
氮钾化肥
有机肥
番茄
品质
矿质元素
nitrogen and potassium fertilizer
organic fertilizer
tomato
quality
mineral elements
