摘要
目的探讨孤独症谱系障碍(ASD)患儿父母的心理防御机制与应对方式的特点及其相关性。方法本研究为横断面研究。采用便利抽样法,于2021年3—8月选取在重庆医科大学附属儿童医院儿保科诊断为ASD的223名患儿父母为研究对象。采用一般资料调查表、心理防御机制问卷(DSQ),简易应对方式问卷(SCSQ)对患儿父母进行调查。采用Pearson相关分析心理防御机制与应对方式的相关性;采用多重线性逐步回归分析各防御方法对应对方式的影响。本研究共发放问卷223份,回收210份,有效问卷206份,有效回收率为98.10%(206/210)。结果206名ASD患儿父母DSQ中成熟型、中间型、不成熟型3种防御类型得分分别为(4.85±1.20)、(4.33±0.90)、(3.98±1.43)分。SCSQ中积极应对、消极应对得分分别为(1.76±0.53)、(1.18±0.58)分。Pearson相关分析结果显示,成熟型防御机制与积极应对呈正相关(r=0.26,P<0.01)、与消极应对呈负相关(r=-0.22,P<0.01);不成熟型及中间型防御机制与积极应对呈负相关(r值分别为-0.38、-0.22;P<0.01)、与消极应对呈正相关(r值分别为0.52、0.43;P<0.01)。多重线性逐步回归分析结果显示,抱怨、期望、升华、分裂4种防御方式是ASD患儿父母积极应对的影响因素(P<0.05);投射、消耗倾向、被动攻击是ASD患儿父母消极应对的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论本研究中,ASD患儿父母虽以积极的应对方式为主,但在心理防御方式上较多使用期望、回避、幻想等防御方式,防御机制与应对方式之间存在相关性。应针对性地为患儿父母提供社会支持,提高患儿父母心理防御能力,并使其维持积极的应对方式。
Objective To explore the characteristics and correlation of psychological defense mechanism and coping style of parents of children with autism spectrum disorder(ASD).Methods This study is a cross-sectional study.From March to August 2021,223 parents of children with ASD in the Child Healthcare Department of Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University were selected by convenient sampling.The parents of the children were investigated with the General Information Questionnaire,the Defense Style Questionnaire(DSQ)and the Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire(SCSQ).Pearson correlation was used to analyze the correlation between psychological defense mechanism and coping style.Multiple linear stepwise regression was used to analyze the impact of defense styles on coping styles.A total of 223 questionnaires were issued,210 were recovered,and 206 were valid,with an effective recovery rate of 98.10%(206/210).Results Among 206 parents of children with ASD,the scores of mature,intermediate and immature defense types were(4.85±1.20),(4.33±0.90)and(3.98±1.43)respectively.The scores of positive and negative coping in SCSQ were(1.76±0.53)and(1.18±0.58)respectively.Pearson correlation analysis showed that mature defense mechanism was positively correlated with positive coping(r=0.26,P<0.01)and negatively correlated with negative coping(r=-0.22,P<0.01),and the immature and intermediate defense mechanisms were negatively correlated with positive coping(r=-0.38,-0.22;P<0.01)and positively correlated with negative coping(r=0.52,0.43;P<0.01).The multiple linear stepwise regression analysis showed that the four defense styles of complaint,expectation,sublimation and dissociation were the influencing factors of parents'positive coping in children with ASD(P<0.05),and projection,consumption tendency and passive aggression were the influencing factors of parents'negative coping in children with ASD(P<0.05).Conclusions Although parents of children with ASD mainly use positive coping styles,they often use expectation,avoidanc
作者
王海梅
尹华英
李燕
罗爽
欧阳成晶
Wang Haimei;Yin Huaying;Li Yan;Luo Shuang;Ouyang Chengjing(Child Healthcare Department,Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University/National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disease/Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders/Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics,Chongqing 401120,China)
出处
《中华现代护理杂志》
2023年第8期1075-1080,共6页
Chinese Journal of Modern Nursing
关键词
儿童
父母
孤独症谱系障碍
心理防御机制
应对方式
Child
Parents
Autism spectrum disorder
Psychological defense mechanism
Coping style
