摘要
断言是一种常见的语言现象,反映语言的基本特征。本文以转写自CCTV-12法制栏目《庭审现场》中的20场刑事审判案件为语料,参照Searle对断言的概念界定和划分标准,以言语行为理论和语用身份论为理论基础,采用田野调查法探讨庭审语境下被告人断言行为的方式和策略,并对这些断言的类型和语用功能进行了归纳分析。结果表明:被告人以显性、隐性两种方式断言;断言类型主要有五大类:告知、解释、补充、表态和情感;这些断言通过使用断言问句、重读、停顿与重复及强调性话语表现出四大语用功能:供述事实、确认与强调、否认与辩解及情感表达。其中,供述事实功能使用频率最高,且主要以告知类断言形式出现。
Assertion is a common language phenomenon which reflects the fundamental feature of language. Based on the Speech Act Theory and the criteria of assertion concept proposed by Searle as well as the Pragmatic Identity Theory, this paper analyzes the data of 20 criminal courtroom trials transcribed from the program The Scene of Trial on CCTV-12. Meanwhile, it summarizes the discursive types and strategies used by defendants and discusses the pragmatic functions of assertions. The results show that defendants assert in both explicit and implicit ways;and there are mainly five types of assertion, which are, informative assertion, explanatory assertion, supplementary assertion, expressive assertion and emotive assertion. By applying the pragmatic strategies of using assertive questions, pause and repetition, emphatic utterances, and accentuating, four pragmatic functions are manifested, i.e., providing facts, confirming and emphasizing, denying and justifying, and expressing emotions, among which, the function of providing facts through informative assertion is used most frequently.
作者
马泽军
姜爽
陈海庆
Ma Zejun;Jiang Shuang;Chen Haiqing(School of Foreign Languages,Dalian University of Technology,Dalian,Liaoning,116024)
出处
《语文学刊》
2023年第1期30-38,共9页
Journal of Language and Literature Studies
基金
国家社科基金项目“中国当代庭审转述话语的多声性特征、功能及语用阐释研究”(18BFX060)阶段性研究成果。
关键词
庭审话语
断言行为
语用功能
courtroom discourse
assertions
pragmatic functions
