摘要
【目的】促进地下水资源的合理利用,解决地下水超采问题。【方法】本文对井灌区地下水超采“公地悲剧”属性进行经济学分析,提出井灌区地下水超采“公地悲剧”解决路径,研究井灌区农业水权初始分配模式。还对井灌区农业水权界定到户进行益本分析,提出井灌区农业水权界定到户的改进建议。【结果】地下水超采与井灌区农户“不加限制”的取水灌溉有关,现有井灌区农业水权属于“村组”式水权制度,水权界定模糊,农户取用过量地下水进行农田灌溉,导致了井灌区地下水超采“公地悲剧”。而井灌区农业水权界定的成本过高是导致井灌区农业水权的界定不清的根本原因。【结论】农业水权清晰界定到户有助于解决地下水超采“公地悲剧”问题,应在水权界定过程中采取完善现代化计量设施建设、成立农民用水协会、引入合同节水管理模式和建立井灌区节余水权转让机制等措施降低农业水权界定成本,进而促进井灌区农业水权界定到户,提高井灌区农业水权效率,优化井灌区地下水资源配置。
【Objective】Promote the rational use of groundwater resources and solve the problem of groundwater overexploitation.【Method】This paper conducts an economic analysis on the property of the"tragedy of the commons"over-exploitation of groundwater in the well-irrigated area,proposes a solution to the"tragedy of the commons"in the over-exploitation of groundwater in the well-irrigated area,and studies the initial distribution model of agricultural water rights in the well-irrigated area.It also analyzes the benefits and costs of household-based agricultural water rights in well-irrigated areas,and puts forward improvement suggestions for household-based agricultural water rights in well-irrigated areas.【Result】The overexploitation of groundwater is related to the"unrestricted"water intake of farmers in well irrigation areas.The existing agricultural water rights in well irrigation areas belong to the"village group"water rights system,and the definition of water rights is vague.Farmers use excessive groundwater for farmland irrigation,leading to the"tragedy of the commons"of groundwater overexploitation in well irrigation areas.The high cost of defining agricultural water rights in well-irrigated areas is the root cause of the unclear definition of agricultural water rights in well-irrigated areas.【Conclusion】The clear definition of agricultural water rights to households is helpful to solve the problem of groundwater overexploitation"the tragedy of the commons".In the process of defining water rights,measures should be taken to improve the construction of modern metering facilities,establish farmers'water use associations,introduce contractual water-saving management models and Measures such as establishing a transfer mechanism for surplus water rights in well-irrigated areas can reduce the cost of defining agricultural water rights,thereby promoting the definition of agricultural water rights in well-irrigated areas to households,improving the efficiency of agricultural water rights in well-irrigated a
作者
王冠儒
胡继连
王秀鹃
WANG Guanru;HU Jilian;WANG Xiujuan(College of Economics and Management,Shandong Agricultural University,Tai’an 271018,China;College of Marxism,Shandong Agricultural University,Tai’an 271018,China;College of Public Administration,Shandong Agricultural University,Tai’an 271018,China)
出处
《灌溉排水学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第3期136-144,共9页
Journal of Irrigation and Drainage
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(42007411)。
关键词
水权界定
地下水超采
井灌区
公地悲剧
definition of water rights
groundwater overexploitation
well-irrigated areas
tragedy of the commons
