摘要
地表基质是支撑林草水等地表覆盖层的基础物质,影响着陆表生态系统的稳定性。自然资源部提出地表基质分类方案(试行)后,众多学者开展了积极、有益探索,对地表基质类型划分提出了不同建设性意见,但至今尚未形成统一、具体的三级分类方案。以北京市昌平区南口镇地表基质调查工作为基础,结合国内不同地区地表基质调查试点工作,探讨了山区和平原两种地貌类型区地表基质三级分类指标,确定了三级分类方案。山区包括岩石、砾质、土质3种基质,平原包括砾质、土质2种基质。岩石基质共23个三级类,分别为岩浆岩6个、沉积岩11个、变质岩6个;砾质基质共16个三级类,其中巨砾、粗砾、中砾及细砾各4个;土质基质共66个三级类,其中粗骨土和砂土各3个(山区与平原相同),山区壤土与平原壤土各27个。
Ground substrate is the basic material supporting the ground cover layer such as forest,grass and water,and affecting the stability of land surface ecosystem.Since the Ministry of Natural Resources proposed the classification scheme of ground sub-strate,active and beneficial exploration on ground substrate surveys has been made and constructive suggestions on ground sub-strate classification has been put forward.However,a unified and specific third-level classification scheme for ground substrate has not been formed.Based on the exploration and practices of ground substrate surveys in Nankou Town,Changping District of Bei-jing,and combined with the pilot practices of ground substrate surveys across China,this paper discusses the third-level classifica-tion scheme of ground substrate for two kinds of geomorphologic types--mountains and plains.A detailed third-level classification system of rock,gravel and soil in mountains and of gravel and soil in plains is put forward.The results show that there are 23 types of third-level rock substrate,with 6 types,11 types and 6 types for magmatic rock substrate,sedimentary rock substrate and meta-morphic rock substrate respectively.There are 16 types of third-level gravel substrate with 4 types each for boulder,coarse gravel,medium gravel and fine gravel.There are 66 types of third-level soil substrate with 3 types each for skeleton soil and sand soil substrate both the same for mountains and plains,and 27 types of loam substrate for both mountains and plains.
作者
刘清俊
刘雨鑫
王颖
王立发
闫广新
LIU Qingjun;LIU Yuxin;WANG Ying;WANG Lifa;YAN Guangxin(Beijing Institute of Ecological Geology,Beijing 100011,China;Beijing Institute of Mineral Resources and Geology,Beijing 100120,China;Beijing Institute of Geology,Beijing 100195,China)
出处
《城市地质》
2023年第1期1-8,共8页
Urban Geology
基金
北京市昌平南口示范区地表基质调查与评价研究项目(PXM2021_158307_000007)资助。
关键词
地表基质
三级分类
山区
平原
ground substrate
third-level classification scheme
mountain
plain
