摘要
俄罗斯二战结束后的人口数据表明,俄罗斯当前人口发展面临困境:育龄妇女生育水平低、少子老龄化严重、男性死亡率高,以及人口区域分布不平衡。为了未来有良好的人口发展态势,俄罗斯不但应多举措并行继续鼓励生育,同时保障育龄妇女劳动权益,最主要是降低育龄职业女性“生育惩罚”效应,解决人口高死亡率,尤其是俄罗斯男性高死亡率问题,以期达到优化俄罗斯人口结构、提升劳动年龄人口总量的目的,以及实现俄罗斯人口、社会和经济可持续发展的目标。
The population data after the end of World War Ⅱ in Russia show that the population development in Russia is facing difficulties,such as low fertility level of fertile woman,increasingly serious aging problem,high male mortality rate and unbalanced regional distribution of population.For achieving a good population development trend in the future,Russia should take multiple measures:continuing to encourage childbearing while guarantee the labor rights and interests of fertile woman,reducing the“childbearing penalty”effect on professional women of childbearing age,and controlling high mortality rate of the population,especially the high mortality rate of Russian men.It is expected that these measures can optimize the Russian population structure,increase the total population of working age,and realize the goal of development sustainable in population,society and economy.
作者
陈筱乐
李凌艳
Chen Xiaole;Li Lingyan(School of Economics and Management,Heihe University,Heihe 164300,China)
出处
《黑河学院学报》
2023年第3期11-15,共5页
Journal of Heihe University
基金
2020年度黑龙江省省属本科高校基本科研业务费黑河学院专项资金项目“‘双循环’新发展格局下中国(黑龙江)自由贸易试验区与区域经济联动发展研究”(2020-KYYWF-0873)。
关键词
俄罗斯
生育水平
人口年龄结构
人口分布
Russia
fertility level
population age structure
population distribution
