摘要
目的:探讨当前我国高校定向医学培养方案实施中可优先解决的主要问题,为优化人才培养方案提供参考。方法:以“史密斯模型”为理论框架,采用文献计量法分析中国知网、万方、维普数据库2010~2022年公开发表的关于我国高校定向医学生培养方案实施的中文文献,形成问题系统;计算问题的严重性指数和重要性指数,运用变异系数法遴选出可优先解决的主要问题。结果:最终纳入134篇文献,形成25类问题清单。最需要优先解决的三个主要问题分别为定向医学生学习积极性不高,学习动力不足(Ri=0.1231);课程设置未能凸显全科、基层两个要素,与人才培养目标存在差距(Ri=0.0105);教学方法与农村定向医学生专业需求特点的契合度不高(Ri=0.0048)。结论:高校应从学习动力、课程设置、教学方法三个主要问题入手,建立在校定向医学生的退出与转入机制,提升职业认同感和学习动力;构建全科医学特色课程体系,提高医学人文素养课程比重;改革教学方法,重点培养服务农村基层的综合诊疗能力。
Objective To explore the main problems be solved firstly in the implementation of the current rural oriented medical training program in medical colleges in China,and provide reference for optimizing the talent training program.Methods Taking the“Smith Model”as the theoretical framework,the related Chinese literature published by CNKI,Wanfang and VIP databases from 2010 to 2022 were analyzed by bibliometrics to form a problem system.The severity index and importance index of the problems were calculated,and the main problems that can be solved firstly were selected by coefficient of variation method.Results 134 documents were included to form a list of 25 types of questions.The three main problems that need to be solved firstly are lower learning enthusiasm and insufficient learning motivation of rural oriented medical students(Ri=0.1231),failing to highlight the two elements of general practice and grass-roots level in curriculum,which is far from the goal of talent training(Ri=0.0105),and the lower consistency between teaching methods and the professional needs of rural oriented medical students(Ri=0.0048).Conclusion Medical colleges should start with three main issues of learning motivation,curriculum and teaching methods,establish the withdrawal and transfer mechanism in school,improve their professional identity and learning motivation,construct the characteristic curriculum system of general medicine,increase the proportion of medical humanistic quality courses,reform teaching methods and focus on cultivating comprehensive diagnosis and treatment ability to serve the rural grass-roots institutions.
作者
孙菊梅
张丽雯
周建裕
刘军
石福艳
吴炳义
Sun Jumei(Institute of Management,Weifang Medical University,Weifang,P.R.China)
出处
《中国卫生事业管理》
北大核心
2023年第3期214-218,共5页
Chinese Health Service Management
基金
国家社科基金一般项目“我国老年人口健康预期寿命变动趋势及其区域差异研究”(18BRK013)
山东省高等学校青创人才引育计划“卫生统计理论方法及应用研究”(2019-6-156,Lu-Jiao)
山东省教育科学“十三五”规划一般项目“定向医学生疫情风险感知对履约意愿的影响及教育策略研究”(2020YB050)
山东省教育厅本科教学改革研究面上项目“山东省公费临床医学专业本科人才培养过程管理研究”(M2020224)。
关键词
定向医学生
人才培养
文献计量法
rural oriented medical students
taleut cultivation
bibliometrics
