摘要
试验利用湖南某奶牛规模养殖场2022年1~12月份2339条DHI测定数据,比较分析荷斯坦牛与娟珊牛泌乳量、乳成分、体细胞数水平及饲料成本之间的差异。结果表明:荷斯坦牛全年及夏季日产奶量、高峰奶量、305 d奶量极显著高于娟珊牛(P<0.01);娟珊组全年及夏季乳脂率、乳蛋白率均极显著高于荷斯坦牛(P<0.01);娟姗牛体细胞数0~20万/mL的群体比例与荷斯坦牛无显著性差异(P>0.05),夏季娟姗牛健康牛群的下降比例低于荷斯坦牛群;经济效益分析结果显示,娟姗牛每生产1 kg牛奶的饲料成本为2.11元,比荷斯坦牛节省0.25元。由此可见,荷斯坦牛的产奶量具有明显优势,但娟珊牛乳脂率、乳蛋白率等乳品质优于荷斯坦牛,而且在夏季热应激环境下,娟珊牛泌乳稳定性更强,单位产奶量饲料成本更低。
Holstein have the characteristics of high milk yield,long annual limit,steady genetic.So far it is one of the most population of dairy breeds in the world.The dry matter content of Jersey is the highest of all kinds of dairy varieties,and its fresh milk and milk products have been well received.This experiment uses 2339 DHI data in a dairy farm from January 2018 to December 2018,to compare and analyze the differences between holstein and Jersey in milk yield,composition,somatic cell counts and diet cost.The results showed that the throughout 2018 and summer test-day milk yield,peak milk yield and 305-day milk yield of Holstein were significantly higher than Jersey(P<0.01),throughout 2018 and summer,Jersey were significantly higher than Holstein milk in fat content and protein content(P<0.01),and the proportion of Jersey population with body cell number of 0-200000/ml was higher than Holstein group,the difference was not significant(P>0.05).The number of healthy dairy were decreased in summer,but Jersey were lower.In economic benefits,the production cost of per 1kg of milk in Jersey is 2.11 yuan,significantly lower than Holstein(P<0.01).The results show that the milk yield of Holstein is higher,and the milk components(milk fat content and milk protein content)of Jersey are higher.Under the high temperature and high humidity conditions in summer,the milk yield of Jersey is more stable,and the unit milk yield ration cost is lower.
作者
李雄
易康乐
何芳
浣成
罗阳
伍佰鑫
李剑波
李晟
LI Xiong;YI Kang-le;HE Fang;HUAN Cheng;LUO Yang;WU Bai-xin;LI Jian-bo;LI Sheng※(Hunan Institute of Animal husbandry and Veterinary medicine,Changsha Hunan 410131,PRC)
出处
《湖南畜牧兽医》
2023年第1期7-10,共4页
Hunan Journal of Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine
关键词
荷斯坦牛
娟珊牛
泌乳性能
经济效益
Holstein
Jersey
lactation performance
economic benefit
