摘要
目的评估2021年山西省尘肺病患者的健康状况和生活质量。方法2021年5-12月采用多阶段随机抽样,在山西省11地市选取符合《尘肺病诊断标准》的尘肺病患者352例,按照GBZ70-2015《尘肺病诊断标准》分为Ⅰ期尘肺病177例、Ⅱ期尘肺病126例、Ⅲ期尘肺病49例。同时选取同一企业中非尘肺病患者262例作为对照组。采用中国疾病预防控制中心统一编制的健康问卷,收集各组研究对象基本信息、健康状况和生活质量情况。结果各期尘肺病年龄、接尘工龄高于对照组(P<0.05),Ⅱ期尘肺病年龄低于Ⅰ期尘肺病(P<0.05),Ⅲ期尘肺病接尘工龄低于Ⅰ期尘肺病组(P<0.05)。各期尘肺病健康状况自评分低于对照组(P<0.05),Ⅲ期尘肺病健康状况自评分低于Ⅰ期、Ⅱ期(P<0.05);各期尘肺病患者行动能力、独立能力、日常活动能力得分低于对照组(P<0.05),各期尘肺病疼痛情况、焦虑情况评分高于对照组(P<0.05)。尘肺病患者健康状况主要影响是肺部疾病,其次为高血压等,而对照组以其他损伤为主(P<0.05),且在尘肺病患者中,随着分期的加重,肺部疾病占比越高。多元回归分析显示,尘肺分期、年龄、接尘工龄对健康状况得分为负向影响(P<0.05),肺部疾病与其他疾病相比,能明显降低尘肺病患者的健康状况得分(P<0.05)。结论尘肺病患者健康状态和生活质量降低,且不同分期差异不明显。尘肺分期、肺部疾病、年龄、接尘工龄是影响尘肺病患者健康状况的重要因素。
Objective To evaluate the health status and quality of life of pneumoconiosis patients in Shanxi province in 2021.Methods From May to December 2021,a multi-stage random sampling was used to select 352 cases of pneumoconiosis patients who met the Diagnostic Criteria for Pneumoconiosis in 11 cities of Shanxi province,which were classified into 177 cases of stageⅠpneumoconiosis,126 cases of stageⅡpneumoconiosis,and 49 cases of stageⅢpneumoconiosis according to GBZ70-2015 Diagnostic Criteria for Pneumoconiosis.Results The age and years of dust exposure of all stages of pneumoconiosis were higher than the control group(P<0.05),the age of stageⅡpneumoconiosis was lower than that of stageⅠpneumoconiosis(P<0.05),and the years of dust exposure of stageⅢpneumoconiosis group was lower than stageⅠpneumoconiosis(P<0.05).The self-score of health status in all stages of pneumoconiosis were lower than the control group(P<0.05),and the self-score of health status in stageⅢpneumoconiosis was lower than stageⅠand stageⅡpneumoconiosis(P<0.05);The scores of action ability,independence ability and daily activity of patients in all stages of pneumoconiosis were lower than the control group(P<0.05),and the scores of pain and anxiety in all stages of pneumoconiosis were higher than the control group(P<0.05).The health status of pneumoconiosis patients was mainly affected by lung disease,followed by hypertension,while the control group was mainly affected by other injuries(P<0.05).With the aggravation of stage,the proportion of lung disease was increasing among the pneumoconiosis patients.Multivariate regression analysis showed that pneumoconiosis stage,age and dust exposure duration had a negative impact on the health status score(P<0.05).Compared with other diseases,lung diseases could significantly reduce the health status score of pneumoconiosis patients(P<0.05).Conclusion The health status and quality of life of pneumoconiosis patients are reduced and do not differ significantly by stage.The stage of pneumoconiosi
作者
马效东
侯丽明
张文珍
秦文彦
赵霞
王松
曹红兵
李秀萍
MA Xiao-dong;HOU Li-ming;ZHANG Wen-zheng;QIN Wen-yan;ZHAO Xia;WANG Song;CAO Hong-bing;LI Xiu-ping(Division of Occupational Health and Poisoning Control,Shanri Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Taiyuan,Shanxi 030012,China;Department of School Health,Shanxi Provincial Center for Disease Control andPrevention)
出处
《预防医学论坛》
2023年第2期81-85,共5页
Preventive Medicine Tribune
基金
山西省卫生健康委科研课题(2019100)。
关键词
尘肺病
健康状况
生活质量
Pneumoconiosis
Health status
Quality of life
