摘要
了解区域土壤锌(Zn)元素的地球化学特征及其空间分布的区域性特点对土壤生态环境管理具有重要的指导意义。通过查阅目前相关文献的研究成果,对我国西南地区土壤Zn的含量水平、空间分布的异质性及制约因素进行了分析及归纳总结。结果表明:不同地质年代的地层及岩性组合变化是制约区域土壤Zn含量水平及空间异质性的自然因素,碳酸盐岩发育的微碱性土壤Zn含量明显高于碎屑岩发育的酸性土壤,不同地层中碳酸盐岩与碎屑岩分布的占比大小是导致区域土壤Zn空间分布异质性的主要原因。此外,矿产资源开发及加工利用是制约区域土壤Zn含量水平及空间异质性的人为因素,铅锌矿区及冶炼区土壤Zn存在明显的污染风险。区域土壤Zn元素分布存在明显的空间异质性,根据土壤Zn含量水平可划分为低锌区(1~50 mg/kg)、中锌区(50~80 mg/kg)、富锌区(80~200 mg/kg)、高锌区(>200 mg/kg);在高锌土壤区应加强土壤Zn污染的生态风险评估,富锌土壤区宜规划及发展成为富锌农产品的重要产区,而中低锌土壤区则要强化土壤Zn元素的养分管理及优化施肥技术。
Understanding the geochemistry characteristics and spatial distribution of zinc(Zn)in regional soils is of great significance for soil eco-environmental management.The content level,spatial distribution heterogeneity and restricted factors of soil zinc in the southwest of our country were analyzed and summarized by consulting the related literatures in this paper.The results showed that the change of stratigraphic and lithologic assemblage in different geological ages was a natural factor that restricted the Zn content and spatial heterogeneity of the regional soil.The content of Zn in alkaline soils developed in carbonate rocks was obviously higher than that in acidic soils developed in clastic rocks,and the proportion of carbonate rocks and clastic rocks in different strata was the main reason for the heterogeneity of zinc distribution in the regional soils.In addition,the exploitation and utilization of mineral resources were the factitious factors that restrict the content level of Zn in the soils and spatial heterogeneity,which there was an obvious risk of Zn pollution in lead-zinc mining area or smelting area.With the result that there was obvious spatial heterogeneity in the distribution of Zn elements for the regional soils;according to the level of Zn content in soil,Zn element distribution in different regions can be divided into low Zn region(1~50 mg/kg),middle Zn region(50~80 mg/kg),rich Zn region(80~200 mg/kg)and high Zn region(200 mg/kg).The ecological risk assessment of soil zinc pollution should be strengthened in the high zinc soil area.The zinc-rich soil area should be planned and developed into an important area of zinc-rich agricultural products,while it is necessary to strengthen the soil zinc nutrient management and optimize fertilization techniques for the middle or low zinc soil area.
作者
刘方
朱健
杨鉴
陈祖拥
刘元生
LIU Fang;ZHU Jian;YANG Jian;CHEN Zuyong;LIU Yuangsheng(Environment and Resource Institute of Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China)
出处
《贵州大学学报（自然科学版）》
2023年第2期17-23,共7页
Journal of Guizhou University:Natural Sciences
基金
国家自然科学基金委员会-贵州省人民政府喀斯特科学研究中心项目(U1612442)
贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合平台人才[2017]5788号)。
关键词
区域土壤
土壤Zn含量等级
空间异质性
岩性
制约因素
regional soil
zinc content grade of soil
spatial heterogeneity
lithology
restricted factors
