摘要
服务性学习本质上是通过公共服务、公共参与培育负责任的积极公民的一种教育方式,美国中小学服务性学习历经了20世纪上半叶的公民行动导向、20世纪60—80年代的问题解决导向、20世纪90年代的课程整合导向以及21世纪的标准导向四个阶段,每个阶段的侧重点各有不同。纵观美国中小学服务性学习的百年嬗变历程,其演变特点表现为从“偏重服务”到“服务与学习并重”的理念变化、从“课外活动”到“多学科整合”的重点转移、从“单向慈善”到“双向合作”的实践变革。服务性学习传承了西方共和主义、社群主义的精神,内在地体现了“积极公民”理念。
Service-learning is essentially an educational way to cultivate responsible and active citizens through public service and public participation. Service-learning in American primary and secondary schools has gone through four stages: citizen action orientation in the first half of the 20th century, problem-solving orientation in the 1960s to 1980s, curriculum integration orientation in the 1990s, and standard orientation in the 21st century.The focus of each stage is different. Throughout a century evolution, the evolution characteristics of servicelearning are: the change of concept from "service oriented" to "paying equal attention to service and learning",the shift of focus from "extracurricular activities" to "multidisciplinary integration", and the practical change from "one-way charity" to "two-way cooperation". Service-learning inherits the spirit of western republicanism and communitarianism, and inherently embodies the concept of "active citizens".
作者
王阳
唐汉卫
WANG Yang;TANG Hanwei(Department of Education,Shandong Normal University,Jinan Shandong 250014;Institute of Basic Education Reform and Development,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200062)
出处
《比较教育研究》
北大核心
2023年第3期40-49,共10页
International and Comparative Education
基金
国家社会科学基金“十三五”规划2018年度教育学一般课题“美国社会科课程百年嬗变研究”(课题编号:BEA180108)。
关键词
美国中小学
服务性学习
标准导向
公共参与
American primary and secondary schools
service-learning
standard orientation
public participation
