摘要
数据交易平台以第三方信任为纾解数据要素多重特性导致的数据交易障碍提供了可能,愈发扮演全国统一数据要素市场基础设施的角色。基于“双边市场理论”分析,数据交易平台具有双边用户需求互补性、交叉网络外部性以及价格结构非中性等特征,而既有监管因忽视数据交易平台的市场双边性,存在整体规制进路有失偏颇、自我规制外部监督阙如以及与市场竞争机制衔接不足的问题。加快建设全国统一大市场背景下,为促进数据要素流通、发挥市场在数据资源配置中的决定性作用,应以“双边繁荣”为目标、以激发数据源供给和数据交易需求为导向进行数据交易平台规制再造:突出数据安全治理的科技维度,面向元宇宙时代以“共票”赋能数据财产权益共创共享,以信用惩戒加强交易主体自律;引导公共数据开放,扩大可交易数据范围;贯彻“市场评价贡献”指导原则,进一步完善数据交易定价机制;强化数据交易平台竞争执法,以互联互通搭建去中心化的全国数据交易网络。
By providing trust, data trading platform makes it possible to relieve data transaction barriers caused by the multiple characteristics of data, thus increasingly plays a role of infrastructure in unified national data market.From the perspective of two-sided market theory, data trading platform has characteristics of complementary needs of bilateral users, cross-network externalities, and non-neutral price structure. Existing regulation ignores the market bilaterality of data trading platforms, leading a result of tipping regulatory approach, weak self-regulation and external supervision, and insufficient connection with the market competition mechanism. In order to promote the circulation of data and the decisive role of market in the allocation of data resources, the regulation reconstruction of data trading platform should be carried out with the goal of "bilateral prosperity" and the stimulation of data source supply and data product demand: emphasizing the technology dimension on data security governance, using coken to solve the distribution dilemma of data trading interests amid the rise of metaverse and reinforcing self-regulation of data trading parties by credit tools;promoting the opening of public data and expanding the scope of tradable data;further improving the data transaction pricing mechanism based on the guiding principle of "market evaluates contribution";strengthening competition law enforcement on data trading platform and building a decentralized national data trading network through interconnection.
作者
杨东
高清纯
YANG Dong;Gao Qingchun
出处
《法治研究》
CSSCI
2023年第2期97-110,共14页
Research on Rule of Law
基金
北京市习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想研究中心重大项目“发展数字经济、打造具有国际竞争力的数字产业集群研究”(项目编号:21LLFXA003)研究成果。
关键词
全国统一大市场
数据要素
数据交易平台
双边市场
unified national market
data as factor of production
data trading platform
two-sided market
