摘要
海马齿生态修复技术在福建等地的应用效果显著,但能否应用于杭州湾成为值得探讨的问题。杭州湾水域的主要问题是富营养化,海马齿在快速生长过程中能够吸收大量氮、磷,从而移除水体中过剩的营养盐。本文通过研究海马齿对不同光强、盐度和温度的生态适应能力,并对低温和高盐2种生态逆境及复合逆境进行进一步研究,以满足实际情况中海马齿修复杭州湾湿地或水域所面对的逆境状况。结果表明:(1)海马齿对光强耐受范围较广,光饱和点为300μmol/(m^(2)·s),不耐受强光照射,但强光对相对电子传递效率抑制较低。(2)海马齿对盐度耐受范围较宽,低盐和淡水条件下均可生长,能耐受25以上高盐;盐度在15以下时生长状态最佳,相对生长率显著高于其他处理组(P<0.05),适宜的盐处理能促进根系生长发育。(3)海马齿对温度耐受范围广但不耐受低温。高温下海马齿依然保持较高生长率,25℃时生长状态最佳,生长率显著高于其他处理组(P<0.05),表现为干物质积累较快,植物的株高、根长增长较快,叶片数量增加。5℃时遭受低温胁迫,该胁迫可逆,升温后植物可恢复生长,0℃时约24 d植株完全死亡。(4)复合逆境实验结果显示,5℃时淡水组出现植株死亡,但盐度25时存活率为100%,0℃盐度25时存活率为40%,淡水组植株全部死亡,表明盐胁迫处理时长可能有利于低温下植物抵御胁迫。室外实验表明,海马齿能够适应杭州湾气候,但仍需考虑极端天气的影响。综上,海马齿生态修复技术基本能应用于杭州湾,研究结果将为杭州湾生态治理提供新的思路。
The technology of planting Sesuvium portulacastrum for ecological restoration has been widely used in Fujian and other places with remarkable results.It is worth discussing whether it can be applied in Hangzhou Bay with eutro-phication.The rapid growth of S.portulacastrum can absorb large amounts of nitrogen and phosphorus and remove ex-cess nutrients from water.In this paper,the ecological adaptability of S.portulacastrum to different light intensity,sa-linity and temperature were studied,and the low temperature and high salinity stress and compound stress were studied further,which is to meet the actual restoration necessary of Hangzhou Bay wetland or water area using S.portulacas-trum.S.portulacastrum had a wide tolerance to light intensity,with a light saturation point of 300μmol/(m^(2)·s),and was intolerant to high light irradiation,but the inhibition of high light on relative electron transfer efficiency was low.S.portulacastrum had a wide range of tolerance to salinity,which could grow in low salinity or fresh water,and the species can tolerate high salt stress more than 25.It grew better in salinity 15 than those of all treatment groups(P<0.05).Appropriate salt treatment could promote root growth and development.S.portulacastrum could tolerate a wide range of temperature expect for very low temperature.S.portulacastrum still maintained a high growth rate in high tempera-ture,25℃was the best status for the species growth,and the growth rate was significantly higher than that of other treatment group(P<0.05)with accumulation of dry matter faster,plant height,root length grew rapidly and leaf number increased.Low temperature stress in 5℃was reversible and the plant could grow when temperature roise.But the plant was completely dead under 0℃in about 24 days.The plants in the fresh water group died at 5℃,but the survival rate of salinity 15 was 100%at 25℃,the survival rate of salinity 25 was 40%at 0℃,and all plants in the fresh water group died,indicating that salt stress may be beneficial to pla
作者
刘炜
熊怡然
郜晓峰
刘金林
孙彬
何培民
LIU Wei;XIONG Yiran;GAO Xiaofeng;LIU Jinlin;SUN Bin;HE Peimin(College of Marine Ecology and Environment,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;Shanghai University Research Center of Water Environment Ecological Engineering,Shanghai,201306,China;College of Agriculture and Biotechnology,Wenzhou Vocational College of Science and Technology,Wenzhou,Zhejiang 325006,China)
出处
《热带作物学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第2期438-445,共8页
Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops
基金
国家科技支撑计划项目(No.2012BAC07B03)
上海市海洋局科研项目(沪海科2015-02)。
关键词
海马齿
杭州湾
生态适应性
胁迫
生态修复
Sesuvium portulacastrum
Hangzhou Bay
ecological adaptability
stress
ecological restoration
